林风眠(1900年11月22日--1991年8月12日),画家、艺术教育家、国立艺术学院(现更名为 中国美术学院)首任院长。
自幼喜爱绘画。代表作品有《春晴》、《江畔》、《仕女》。历任国立北平艺术专科学校校长、国立艺术学院 院长、中国美术家协会上海分会副主席。
1991年8月12日10时,因心脏病、肺炎并发症,病逝于香港港安医院,享年92岁。
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林风眠,1900年11月22日,林风眠出生在广东省梅州(古称嘉应州)白宫镇阁公岭村,自幼喜爱绘画,19岁赴法勤工俭学。
1919年7月,中学刚毕业的林风眠收到了梅州中学的同窗好友林文铮从上海发来的信函,获知了留法勤工俭学的消息,遂告别父老前往上海和林文铮一同作为第六批留法勤工俭学的学生,前往法国留学。
1921年,两人转入法国国立第戎美术学院学习,林风眠大受赏识,9月又转入法国国立高等美术学院就读,并得以进入被时人誉为“最学院派的画家”柯尔蒙(Cormon)的工作室学习,并广泛接触各种艺术形式,以及当时欧洲艺术界认为的“东方艺术”。他先在蒂戒美术学校进修西洋画,后又转入巴黎国立高等美术学校深造。
1925年回国后出任北平艺术专科学校校长兼教授。
1927年林风眠受蔡元培之邀赴杭州主持创立国立艺术院(后来的中国美术学院)任校长。解放后,任上海中国画院画师。林风眠于70年代定居香港,1979年在巴黎举办个人画展,取得极大成功。作品有《春晴》、《江畔》、《仕女》、《山水》、《静物》等。著有《中国绘画新论》,出版有《林风眠画集》等。
林风眠擅长描写仕女人物、京剧人物、渔村风情和女性人体以及各类静物画和有房子的风景画。从作品内容上看有一种悲凉、孤寂、空旷、抒情的风格;从形式上看一是正方构图,二是无标题,他的画特点鲜明,观者一望即知。他试图努力打破中西艺术界限,造就一种共通的艺术语言。
林风眠与徐悲鸿、刘海粟等都是“中西融合”这一艺术理想的代表人物。他吸收了西方印象主义以后的现代绘画的营养,与中国传统水墨和境界相结合,并融入了个人的人生经历。是已经接近了“东西方和谐和精神融合的理想”的画家。受到学界泰斗、创办人蔡元培的赏识与提携,被聘任为我国第一所高等艺术学府——国立艺术学院首任院长,他主张“兼容并包、学术自由”的教育思想,不拘一格广纳人才。艺术名家李可染、赵无极、朱德群、吴冠中、王朝闻、苏天赐等都是林风眠的学生。
林风眠受蔡元培美育思想的影响,承五四新文化运动之波澜,倡导新艺术运动,积极担负起以美育代提高和完善民众道德,进而促成社会改造与进步的重任。他锐意革新艺术教育,请木匠出身的画家齐白石登上讲台,聘请法国教授克罗多讲授西画,并提出了“提倡全民族的各阶级共享的艺术”等口号,全国艺坛为之欢呼。他提倡兼收并蓄,调和中西艺术,并身体力行,创造出富有时代气息和民族特色的、高度个性化的抒情画风,为中国现代绘画提供了切实可行的发展思路和风格典范,也是20世纪实践中西文化融合具有革新开拓精神的先驱,林风眠是杰出的艺术教育家、中国现代美术教育和现代绘画的奠基人之一
绘画
作品有《春晴》、《江畔》、《仕女》、《山水》、《静物》、《宫女与花瓶图》等。晚年林风眠客居香港,深居简出,凭记忆重画在“文革”中毁掉的作品,几乎一直画到生命的终点。
专著
著有《中国绘画新论》,出版有《林风眠画集》等。
林风眠擅长描写仕女人物、京剧人物、渔村风情和女性人体以及各类静物画和有房子的风景画。从作品内容上看有一种悲凉、孤寂、空旷、抒情的风格;从形式上看一是正方构图,二是无标题,他的画特点鲜明,观者一望即知。他试图努力打破中西艺术界限,造就一种共通的艺术语言。他无愧于是一位富于创新意义的艺术大师,对许多后辈画家产生过极深远的影响。林风眠是整个20世纪中国美术界的精神领袖。
林风眠、刘海粟和徐悲鸿是“中西融合”这一艺术理想的倡导者、开拓者和最重要的代表人物,林风眠是“外生性融合”,刘海粟是“内生性融合”,徐悲鸿是“内外融合”。他们吸收了西方印象主义以后的现代绘画的营养,与中国传统水墨和境界相结合,并融入了个人的人生经历。林风眠是已经接近了“东西方和谐和精神融合的理想”的画家。受到学界泰斗蔡元培的赏识与提携,成为中国第一所高等艺术学府——国立艺术院(今中国美术学院前身)的首任院长。是中国现代美术教育的主要奠基者之一,主张“兼容并包、学术自由”的教育思想,不拘一格广纳人才。培养出李可染、吴冠中、王朝闻、艾青、赵无极、赵春翔、朱德群等一大批艺术名家。
林风眠故居位于杭州植物园大门旁的林隐路3号,为西式二层独立小楼。中国美术学院的前身国立艺术院,是中国现代最早的综合性国立高等艺术学府,创立于1928年3月26日(民国十八年)。由中国近代民主革命家、著名教育学家、科学家蔡元培(1868-1940)在杭州市西子湖畔创办,是中国的最高美术学府。1928年,创办人蔡元培之聘,林风眠为我国第一所高等艺术学府国立艺术院首任院长.1934年在玉泉马岭山下建造拥有客厅、卧室、画室、露台、地下室和草地的西式私寓,除抗战时随学校迁往四川外,致意住到1951年才离杭赴沪,在杭州度过了风华正茂的轻壮年.杭州西湖为他提供了绘画素材和艺术灵感,并深深地影响了他的品性和画风.书画家苗子在《西子湖恋情》一文中曾经说过,我总是把西湖同林先生联系起来,把孤山的林和靖和林先生联系起来.西湖给人的印象是青春的,林先生即使逾九十,他的作品,无论是雅淡调子,还是浓艳调子,也都是青春……是不是杭州这一段时光给林先生留下了一生印象呢?我不敢说.可是林先生的为人和创作,的确令人想起"水光潋滟晴方好,山色空蒙雨亦奇"的西湖来.
1999年11月22日,为纪念林风眠百年诞辰,按原样整修后,辟为林风眠故居纪念馆.该馆分上、下两层,楼下陈列室展示了林风眠生平事迹和遗物.楼上为画室,有床、画桌、文房四宝和一幅五十年代林风眠在画室的照片.四壁挂着《鸡冠花》、《红叶小鸟》、《屈原》、《柳》、《裸女》、《秋林》等不同时期的代表作想象奇特,色彩绚丽,是林风眠探索中西艺术融合的佳作.
Lin Fengmian, November 22, 1900, Lin Fengmian was born in Guangdong of Meizhou province (called Jiaying state) White House Zhen Ge Gong Ling Cun, he loves painting, 19 years of work study program in france.
In July 1919, just graduated from high school Lin Fengmian received the Meizhou middle school classmate friend Lin Wenzheng letter from Shanghai, was informed of the news in France, then bid farewell to Shanghai elders and Lin Wenzheng together as the Sixth Batch of students in France, went to study in france.
In 1921, two were transferred to the French national Dijon Academy of Fine Arts, Lin Fengmian was appreciated, in September into the French national higher Academy of Fine Arts, and access was praised as "the school painter" cormon (Cormon) studio learning, and extensive contact with each kind of artistic form, as well as the European art thought "Oriental art". He first studied western painting at the art school, then transferred to Paris national higher art school.
After returning home in 1925 as Beiping art school principal and professor.
In 1927 Lin Fengmian was invited to Hangzhou to host the creation of the National Academy of Arts (later The China Academy of Art) president of the. [1] after the liberation of Shanghai China painting artist. Lin Fengmian settled in Hongkong in 70s, held a solo exhibition in Paris in 1979, achieved great success. Works of "spring sunshine", "River", "Ladies", "landscape", "still life" etc.. The author of "Chinese painting theory", published the "Lin Fengmian album" etc..
Lin Fengmian is adept at describing people ladies, opera figures, village customs and the female body and all kinds of painting and landscape painting the house. From the content of the works to see there is a sad, lonely, empty, lyrical style; from the view of the form is a Affirmative composition, two is no title, his paintings have distinct characteristics, the audience look is the knowledge. He tried to break the boundaries of Chinese and Western art, creating a common art language.
Lin Fengmian and Xu Beihong, and so on are all representatives of the artistic ideal of "integration of China and the west". He absorbed the modern western painting Impressionist after nutrition, combined with traditional ink and China realm, and into the personal life experience. Is close to the "East and West harmony and spiritual integration ideal" painter. By academic recognition and help Dean, founder Cai Yuanpei, was appointed as the first Chinese Higher Art Institute, the first Dean of the National Institute of the arts, he advocated "all-embracing and academic freedom" ideological education, recruit talent not sticking to formalities. Art masters Li Keran, Zhao Wuji, and so on, and so on, is the student of the students of the University of China, such as, and so on, and so on, and so on, and so on, and so on, and so on, and so on.
Lin Fengmian was influenced by Cai Yuanpei's aesthetic education thought, the 54 waves of new culture movement, advocating the new art movement, and actively undertake to improve and perfect the public aesthetic and moral responsibility, and thus contribute to the social reform and progress. He carried out the reform of art education, please carpenter born painter Qi Baishi on the podium, hire a French professor Krodo taught Western painting, and put forward the "share of the whole nation advocate class art" and other slogans, cheering for the national art. He advocated eclectic, reconcile Chinese and Western art, and personally, to create a highly personalized rich flavor of the times and national characteristics, the lyrical style, provides a feasible development thought and style model for Chinese modern painting, is the practice of Chinese and Western culture blend in twentieth Century with innovative and pioneering spirit of pioneer, Lin Fengmian is one of the founders of the outstanding art educator China, modern art education and modern painting
painting
Works of "spring sunshine", "River", "Ladies", "landscape", "still life", and "Ladies map" vase etc.. The late Lin Fengmian guest Hongkong, reclusive, memory redrawn in the "Cultural Revolution" destroyed works, almost until the end of life.
monograph
The author of "Chinese painting theory", published the "Lin Fengmian album" etc..
Lin Fengmian is adept at describing people ladies, opera figures, village customs and the female body and all kinds of painting and landscape painting the house. From the content of the works to see there is a sad, lonely, empty, lyrical style; from the view of the form is a Affirmative composition, two is no title, his paintings have distinct characteristics, the audience look is the knowledge. He tried to break the boundaries of Chinese and Western art, creating a common art language. So he deserves a innovative significance of art master, had a profound influence on many younger artists. Lin Fengmian is the spiritual leader of Chinese art circles in twentieth Century.
Lin Fengmian, Liu Haisu and Xu Beihong is the "fusion" of this artistic ideal advocate, pioneer and the most important representative, Lin Fengmian is "exogenous fusion", Liu Haisu is "endogenous fusion", Xu Beihong is the "internal and external integration". They absorbed the modern western painting Impressionist after nutrition, combined with traditional ink and China realm, and into the personal life experience. Lin Fengmian is close to the "East and West harmony and spiritual integration ideal" painter. Appreciated and help the academic dean Cai Yuanpei, became the first China Higher Art Institute, National Academy of Art (now The China Academy of Art) the first dean. Is one of the main China foundation of modern art education, advocate "all-embracing and academic freedom" ideological education, recruit talent not sticking to formalities. Cultivate a large number of artists Li Keran, Wu Guanzhong, Wang Zhaowen, Ai Qing, Zhao Wuji, Zhao Chunxiang, and a large number of artists such as.
Lin Fengmian's former residence is located in the Hangzhou botanical garden gate Lin Yinlu No. 3, western two independent house. The China Academy of Art, the predecessor of the National Academy of art, is the earliest modern comprehensive national higher art institute, founded in March 26, 1928 (eighteen years in Republic of China). By Chinese modern democratic revolutionary, famous educator, scientist Cai Yuanpei (1868-1940) was founded in the West Lake in Hangzhou City, Chinese is the highest institution of fine arts. In 1928, the founder of Cai Yuanpei hired Lin Fengmian, as China's first National Academy of art institutions of higher art first Dean.1934 in Jade Spring Maling hills building have the living room, bedroom, studio, terrace, basement and grassland in the western style apartment, in addition to the war when the school moved to Sichuan, with live until 1951 from Hangzhou to Shanghai, in Hangzhou for the young young. Hangzhou West Lake offers painting materials and artistic inspiration for him, and was deeply influenced by his character and style of painting and calligraphy. "Romance" seedling in the West Lake in an article once said, I always associate West Lake with Mr. Lin Hejing, associate Gu Shan Mr. Lin West Lake. Give the impression of youth, Mr. Lin even more than ninety of his works, whether it is light or bright tone, tone, are youth...... Hangzhou is not the time to Mr. Lin left a life impression? I can't say. But Mr. Lin's people and creation, indeed reminiscent of "good Shuiguang glittering sunny side, West Lake and rain also odd" empty mountains.
In November 22, 1999, to commemorate the centenary of Lin Fengmian's birth, as it is renovated, opened as the Lin Fengmian Memorial. The museum is divided into two layers, the downstairs showroom shows Lin Fengmian's life story and relics. Upstairs in the studio, there is a bed, a table, and a picture of the "scholar's four jewels" fifty years rotation wind sleepless in the studio photos. The walls hung "cockscomb", "red bird", "Qu", "Liu", "nude", "" Qiulin in different periods including the representative of peculiar imagination, brilliant color, is Lin Fengmian's exploration of Chinese and Western Art fusion masterpiece.
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