元代学官、书院山长。字伯长，号清容居士。庆元鄞县(今属浙江)人。始从戴表元学，后师事王应麟，以能文名。20岁以茂才异等举为丽泽书院山长。大德元年(1297)，荐为翰林国史院检阅官，时初建南郊祭社，进郊祀十议，多被采纳。升应奉翰林文字，同知制诰兼国史院编修官。请购求辽、金、宋三代遗书，以作日后编三史的史料。延佑年间(1314-1319)，迁侍制，任集贤直学士，未几任翰林直学士，知制诰同修国史。至治元年(1321)迁侍讲学士，参与纂修累朝学录，泰定元年(1324)辞归。卒赠中奉大夫、江浙中书省参政，封陈留郡公，谥文清。喜蓄典籍，继承曾祖父袁韶、祖父袁似道、父袁洪三世之业，广藏书卷。有藏书楼"清容居"，藏书之富，元朝以来甲于浙东。又搜书万卷，编有《袁氏新旧书目》。卒后，保管不当，被仆人窃去或转卖者颇多，或为婢妾所毁者过半。曾作有《定海县学藏书记》、《袁氏新旧书目·序》，是研究藏书史的重要文献。又因朝廷议修宋辽金三史，其孙袁曮将遗存数千卷全部上呈。

 在朝20余年，朝廷制册、勋臣碑铭，多出其手。文章博硕，诗亦俊逸。工书法，存世书迹有《同日分涂帖》、《旧岁北归帖》。对音乐亦有造诣，著有《琴述》。另著有《易说》、《春秋说》、《清容居士集》、《延佑四明志》等10余种。《延佑四明志》考核精审，为宋元四明六志之一。

 曾抨击当时国学和江南学校，鄙弃刑狱、簿书、金谷、户口等实际吏事，"教法止于《四书》"。主张采唐制，"五经各立博士，俾之专治一经，互为问难，以尽其义" (《清容居士集·国学议》)。另效仿宋代姚瑗立治事斋，讲习礼乐、刑政、兵农、漕运、河渠等经济之学。提出读书要力避"博而寡要"、"劳而无成"、"欲速而过高"以及"好学为文未能蓄其本"等"五失"(《袁氏新书目序》)。提倡为学用志要一，用力要专，精于一艺。

 Paul Mauriat's History

Yuan Dynasty academic officers, academicians. The word Bo Chang, the name Qingrong Jushi. Qingyuan Yinxian (now Zhejiang) people. Beginning with Dai Biaoyuan's studies, Wang Yinglin, a later teacher, took the literary name of Neng. Mao Caiyi, 20 years old, is the president of Lize College. In the first year of Dade (1297), he was recommended as the inspector of the National History Academy of Hanlin. At the beginning, he built a sacrificial club in the southern suburbs and offered sacrifices in the suburbs. Most of them were accepted. He should be promoted to the Hanlin script and be an editor of the National Academy of History. Please purchase the survivors of Liao, Jin and Song dynasties for compiling historical materials of the three generations in the future. During Yanyou's reign (1314-1319), he moved to serve as a Bachelor of Jixian Zhi and a few Bachelors of Hanlin Zhi, who taught the history of his fellow practitioners. In the first year of his reign (1321), he moved to serve as a lecturer, participated in compiling the records of the dynasties, and returned to Taiding in the first year (1324). He presented Zhongfeng Doctor, Zhongshu Province of Jiangsu and Zhejiang Province to participate in politics, and he sealed Chen Liujun Gong with Zhen Wenqing. He is fond of storing classics, inheriting the careers of great-grandfather Yuan Shao, grandfather Yuan Xiandao and father Yuan Hong III, and widely collecting books. Since the Yuan Dynasty, the library has been located in eastern Zhejiang. He also searched thousands of volumes and compiled the New and Old Bibliography of Yuan Shi. After death, improper custody, many were stolen or resold by servants, or more than half were destroyed by maidservants and concubines. He has written Bibliographies of Dinghai County and Preface to New and Old Bibliographies of Yuan Shi, which are important documents for studying the history of book collection. Because the court discussed the revision of the three histories of Song, Liao and Jin Dynasties, Sun Yuan-jiao presented all the thousands of volumes left over.

Work

Over the past 20 years, the imperial court has made more books and inscriptions on honorary officials. The articles are rich and the poems are handsome and elegant. Work calligraphy, the surviving handwriting is "the same day of painting" and "old year North returns to Tie". He also has attainments in music and is the author of Qin Shu. There are more than 10 other books, such as Yi Shuo, Chun Qiu Shuo, Qingrong Jushi Ji and Yanyou Four Ming Zhi. Yanyou Siming Zhi is one of the six records of Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties.

political thought

Zeng criticized the Chinese traditional culture and Jiangnan schools at that time, and despised the actual officials such as prisons, books, Jingu, household registration and so on. The teaching method ended in the Four Books. He advocated the adoption of the Tang Dynasty system. "Five Confucian Classics should be established separately so that they can be ruled exclusively, and each other is confronted with difficulties, so as to make the best of their meanings" (Qingrong Jushi Ji Guoxue Dialogue). In addition, following Yao Ying's example in the Song Dynasty, he gave lectures on etiquette and music, criminal administration, soldiers and peasants, canals and canals. It is pointed out that we should avoid "five losses" in reading, such as "extensive but little important", "failure to achieve through hard work", "excessive desire for speed" and "failure to save the book for learning" (Preface to Yuan Shi's New Bibliography). It is advocated that one should be dedicated to learning, dedicated and skilled in art.