"长安画派”是由石鲁、赵望云、李梓盛、康师尧、何海霞、方济众等画家为代表的美术团体,他们的绘画题材以山水、人物为主,兼及花鸟;作品多描绘西北,特别是陕西地区的自然风光和风土人情,其中尤钟情于陕北黄土高原的山山水水;在创作手法上,他们致力于中国画的继承与创新,提出“一手伸向传统,一手伸向生活”的艺术主张。
长安画派:现代中国画流派。20世纪50年代末至60年代上半叶活跃在陕西省西安市,因西安旧称长安,故名。其主要创始人有石鲁、赵望云,重要画家还有何海霞、方济众、李梓盛、康师尧、黄胄、罗铭等人。他们自40年代就生活在陕西,并从事艺术创作。他们的绘画题材以山水、人物为主,兼及花鸟,作品多描绘西北,一反清末,民国年间中国画坛摹古不化之风,大胆走向生活,大量写生创作,给当时较为死沉的中国画注入了新感觉,形成陕北风味特殊画风。
八十年代后,刘文西、陈忠志、王子武、崔振宽、赵振川、王宝生、罗平安、王金岭、李世南、王西京、王有政、郭全忠、苗重安、徐义生、江文湛、徐庶之、刘原生、张振学、张义潜、王炎林等一大批中青年画家活跃陕西画坛,他们继承发扬长安画派“一手伸向传统,一手伸向生活”的优良传统,立足黄土,扎根生活,反映现实,凭藉着深厚的文化积淀,浓郁的乡土风情,以新的审美情怀和语言方式,构成了鲜明的艺术风貌。
长安画派的创始人:赵望云
领军人物:黄胄
成员:赵望云、黄胄、李梓盛、康师尧、何海霞、方济众、石鲁、刘文西。
简介
赵望云河北束鹿人。擅长中国画。曾入北京艺术专科学校学习美术,在五四新文化影响下,提出艺术“走出象牙之塔,来到十字街头”的主张。因对学校的教育不满,愤而离校,独居陋巷刻苦自学。1930年被聘为《大公报》特邀旅行写生记者,走上“为人生而艺术”的征途,以国画形式反映劳动人民苦难生活,1977年辞世。
艺术人生
1935年应冯玉祥邀请,合作出版了《泰山社会写生诗画石刻集》。抗日战争期间,在冯玉祥资助下,和老舍在武汉创办《抗战画刊》,后深入西南、西北各地旅行写生,在敦煌艺术和西北风土人情影响下,形成简括淡远、朴实含蓄的独特艺术风格。1949年以后出任西北美术工作者协会副主任、陕西分会主席、西北文化部文物处处长、中国美术家协会常务理事、西安美协主席、陕西省文化局副局长等职。著名画家黄胄、方济众等为其门弟子。
代表作品
五六十年代与石鲁等多次深入西北各地及陕南秦岭林区、三门峡水库工地,创作了具有生活气息和时代感的作品。曾出访埃及写生。提出“一手伸向传统,一手伸向生活”,开创“长安画派”。出版有《农村写生集》、《塞上写生集》、《黄河写生册》、《林区写生册》、《西北旅行画集》、《埃及写生画集》、《赵望云画集》等。
风格
赵望云的画风自然质朴,笔力苍厚,注重生活气息,善从平淡的农家生活中发现意味隽永的画面。 由于他以农村写生为代表的前期作品在开创中国画反映现实生活新风气方面的先驱作用和后期对于长安画派的奠基性贡献,在现代中国画发展史上占有一定地位。
人物简介
(1908—1998),长安画派创始人之一;中国现代著名国画家、书法家,中国画研究院(中国国家画院的前身)的专业画家;满族,初名何福海,字瀛,又字登瀛;1908年9月生于北京,其父母酷爱文艺,对少年时代的何海霞影响颇深。何海霞幼时即喜爱书画,青年时期曾参加中国画学研究会,1924年拜韩公典为师,1934年拜张大千为师,随其游历山东、四川。
何海霞随张大千习画期间,饱览了中国古代名画并大量临摹了宋、元、明、清时期的绘画真迹;1936年,他与齐白石、张大千、于非闇在长春、大连等地举办作品联展。
1951年春,由重庆迁居西安。1956年在中国美术家协会陕西分会任专业画家。五十年代末至六十年代初,与石鲁、赵望云等一起切磋山水画创新,受到美术界的广泛关注并成为长安画派的重要画家。
1961年,他曾应中央美术学院之邀,在该院授课两年,培养了一批中国画人才。
1976年后,他应邀为人民大会堂、钓鱼台国宾馆等重要场所创作许多巨幅山水画,为社会瞩目。
1983年,他任陕西国画院副院长。不久后调到北京,在中国画研究院任专业画家,创作了大量的优秀作品。他此间兼任中国国际友好联络委员会顾问,以艺术为纽带,为中外文化交流贡献了力量。
何海霞先生擅长山水画,他在继承传统的基础上,饱游沃看,师法自然。
何海霞的山水画成熟于20世纪50年代,他在水墨、青绿、界画等诸多领域均有所建树,面貌多样,既有尺幅巨大的作品,也有精致的小幅作品。西北地区的自然景观给了他不少灵感,其作品个性鲜明,立意雄奇,骨体坚凝,笔力雄健,墨色浑厚华滋,蔚为大观。
人物简介
《转战陕北》这幅作品除艺术构思新颖之外,艺术语言也极具个性,给人印象深刻。陕北的黄土高原,在长安画派之前,不曾有画家去表现过,如何去表现它是一个新的课题。石鲁对中国画艺术的正确理解,使他找到了表现黄土高原的艺术语言。石鲁认为:“艺术的思维是从具体形象开始的。”对黄土高原的表现应从黄土高原的具体形象着手。同时,石鲁也没有忘记艺术需要模仿,创造表现黄土高原的艺术语言还需要从传统文化中吸取有价值的养分。由于石鲁能正确地理解和处理艺术创作与生活、与传统的辩证关系,故在表现黄土高原时“未成曲调先有识”。石鲁以大刀阔斧的拖泥带水皴法,以浓重的矿物色与淋漓的墨色混用,干湿兼施地表现陕北的黄土高原,气到势合,意象浑成。石鲁独树一帜的艺术手法得到美术界不少同行的赞誉,著名画家吴冠中称其为“石鲁腔”。不过,这幅作品无意中也披露了石鲁人物造型能力较弱的一面,也许由于这一原因,才促成了石鲁的如此选择。
1960年到1963年期间,石鲁的创作思想日渐成熟,他陆续创作了一批个人风格成熟的作品。他不只画延安窑洞、延河之滨、黄土高原,还远赴江南、广东等地,创作了不少佳作。谈到创作体会,石鲁说“一幅作品能使人心动,在于物与我一致,而不一定与视野的选择角度有关。艺术的矿藏,散布在生活的海洋里,有生活的地方,就会有艺术的矿石。凡物之形、质、动、静、神情、姿态,若不能活现于心中,则不足为言画。意求生活,生活则不活,情求生活,生活即活。感情是唤起生活的真金,但感情是不能外加的,伪造的东西,它是广泛2004.4石鲁与长安画派85的世界观的具体化,是个别化的。”
个人风格
石鲁在艺术创作中一直认为“画必先立意”。石鲁“立意”的过程却与一般人不同,石鲁的立意是踏着艺术创作实践的脚步去进行的,是按一步一深入的方式去立意的,因此石鲁的立意开始时只有情,由情催生画面架构与语言营造,“意”也因此而立。所以石鲁又说“而意必是出于我对自然的感受”。石鲁还认为,立意的根本问题是画家如何看待和对待生活的态度,是否有真实情感,“寡于情者,难以言思”,情在艺术上与绘画语言表现方式关系密切。对于情,石鲁一贯主张以绘画语言去立志抒情,但情须是真情、至情,须是高人一筹的见识。石鲁的这些见地深刻地表明了“作画归于情。情者,感受生活与艺术之门户交通也”。
由于革命和战争的生活经历,石鲁对延安对陕北黄土高原有一种情结,石鲁画过一系列表现延安和黄土高原的山水画,如《东方欲晓》、《延河饮马》、《南泥湾途中》等为人称道的作品,就是这一情结的产物。石鲁说:“不能设想一个在革命的艰苦环境中未曾经过任何实践的人,更懂得陕北黄土高原朴质而雄浑的美。经过相当体验的人,总是一往情深。”《东方欲晓》是一幅在构思立意上独具匠心的作品,石鲁以间接描写的方式表现了毛泽东。作品点题“东方欲晓”,画面朦胧,枣树环绕窑洞,窑洞里闪亮着灯光,里面的毛泽东在思考什么呢?让人产生许多遐想,但有一点是可以肯定的,那就是中国革命即将胜利。这幅作品所表现的内涵与寓意,自然而生动。石鲁说起《东方欲晓》这幅作品的构思来历时说,1961年他第三次回延安,与同事们一起在延河边散步,傍晚时分,天色已暗,看见对岸清凉山下的延河里,倒映着成排窑洞的灯光,于是便联想到毛主席当年居住的窑洞,形成了《东方欲晓》的创作构思。在石鲁看来,生活不仅供养石鲁艺术之原料、创作之源泉、思想之燃料,更当是陶冶石鲁之熔炉。不经生活之锤炼,岂能锤炼艺术。
生活赋予石鲁创作的灵感,生活赋予石鲁创作的素材,生活也赋予石鲁感受型笔墨的基本思想。在谈到中国画的笔墨时,生活基础深厚的石鲁有他自己的看法。他认为,传统的笔墨技法是源,是模仿的对象,要认真学习。任何笔墨都不能离开传统,但不能局限于传统。
方济众(1923.6 .11-1987.7.18)著名国画家。笔名雪农。陕西省勉县武侯镇(永和原老城乡)方家坝村人。受兄长和美术教师影响,自幼学画。一九四四年于汉中普通高中毕业后,曾先后在中、小学任美术、语文教师。
40年代随赵望云研习中国画。
1949年后任《西北画报》编辑室主任,西北美术协会秘书,西安美术协会秘书及创作委员会副主任。
50年代在美协西安分会国画研究室从事创作,是“长安画派”画家之一。
“文革”期间,他全家“下放”回陕南山区。这种人生遭际丰富了他艺术中的内涵,在他那些描写林间鹿群、岩畔山水或陕北窑洞、黄土高原的写意小景中充溢着浓郁的生活气息。《三边塞上风光》一画分别以赭石和绿色表现了荒漠古老的长城和白莲盛开的河塘,相映相彰,一片塞外江南景色。驼队和雁阵也平添了画趣和强烈的生命气息。
曾任中国美术家协会常务理事、中国书法家协会理事、陕西省美术家协会副主席、陕西省书法家协会副主席、陕西省文联副主席、陕西省国画院首任院长。第六届全国人大代表,第五届陕西省政协常委。
书法以行书见长,其作章法谨严,运笔苍劲有力,墨色枯润相济,清朗利落,自具面貌。精国画,创作以反映陕西农村,牧区风光及建设场景为主,取法传统,师古不泥,致力于创新,形成自己独特的田园画风。
康师尧(1921-1985),笔名康巽,河南博爱县人。我国著名国画家,中国美术家协会会员、美协陕西分会理事、书协陕西分会理事、陕西国画院院长、中国工艺美术学会民间工艺专业委员会副主席、西安工艺美术学会第一副理事长。曾参加第三、四届全国文代会。1944年毕业于武昌艺专绘画科国画专业,从唐一禾、张肇名学画,以工笔花鸟、仕女为主,兼工写意,融工写为一体,别开生面。1956年任美协西安分会国画院研究室主任,与赵望云、石鲁等人共研艺道,在“一手伸向传统、一手伸向生活”的倡导下,积极探索中国花鸟画的创新。对传统中国画技法进行过认真学习和研究,他十分重视到大自然里去观察,勤于写生。他从艺四十多年来,足迹遍及祖国天南海北,勇于探索,勤于实践,博采众长,自成一家,取得了显著的成就,成为“长安画派”中花鸟画创新的主将。代表作品有《芙蓉》、《秋意图》、《秋老珠红》、《咏梅诗意画》、《竹林小鸟》、《献给祖国的一束小花》、(组画)等,此组画获“全国六届美展”优秀作品奖,并被中国美术馆收藏。其作品多次在全国各大报刊、专业杂志上发表。部分作品被中国美术馆、湖南、辽宁、天津等博物馆收藏。他先后在重庆、北京、开封、西安等地举办过个人画展,并参加过“中国画展”赴英国、日本、丹麦等国展出。在国内外享有很高的声誉。他热心美术教育,先后在西安美院、浙江美院、中央美院、中央工艺美院、南京艺术学院。河南大学等院校讲学。 论著方面有《画花》、《国画基本技法探索》、《花卉写生与变化》、《写意花卉技法》等。作品专集有《 康师尧花鸟画选》、《荣宝斋画谱 花鸟部分》、《康师尧教学画稿》。晚期的作品兼工带写,自成一家,风格以清新、典雅为主调。笔墨娴熟、细腻精巧,有自己独特的风格。
黄胄,男,字映斋,长安画派代表人物。因其父四十多岁方得此子,取乳名“老傻”,以求平安。“黄胄”是初中时自己起的笔名,以后一直沿用此名。曾用名梁叶子、苗迪。文革中作品曾题名梁蓬、梁泉。1925年3月生于河北蠡县,后迁居西安。早年参加革命,任西北军区战士读物出版社编辑。1942年任蠡县中学美术教员。1946年任陕西省西安雍华图书杂志社主编。1949年5月参加中国人民解放军从事部队美术工作,任西北军区政治部文化创作员,美术组组长。1955年任总政治部文化部创作员。1959年,任中国人民革命军事博物馆美术公司顾问。1981年任中国画研究院副院长。黄胄是中国著名的艺术家,第六、七届全国政协委员,第八届全国政协常务委员,原轻工业部工艺美术公司顾问,中国美术家协会常务理事。
周总理纪念馆创作《鞠躬尽瘁为人民》。1978年夏,带病为国家领导人访问南斯拉夫创作国礼《松鹰图》。为邓小平同志访问日本创作《百驴图》,作为国礼赠送裕仁天皇。1979年8月带病赴新疆作第五次访问、写生。1980年参加主持中国画研究院筹备工作,任中国画研究院常务副院长。先后为钓鱼台、中南海、人民大会堂等处作画二百余幅。1987年10月立项建炎黄艺术馆,并担任筹备处主任。1988年12月为炎黄艺术馆募集资金,建立了黄胄美术基金会,并担任一届会长。1991年9月28日,炎黄艺术馆正式成立,任炎黄艺术馆馆长。先后任全国政协委员、常委,书画室主任,中国美术家协会常务理事。1997年4月23日逝世。
社会评价
其作品屡次获国际奖,受到海内外人士的爱戴。代表作品有《打马球》、《洪荒风雪》、《草原八月》、《松鹰图》、《叼羊图》、《牧马图》等。晚年集中毕生精力筹建了民办公助的炎黄艺术馆。为中国美术事业的发展和国际间艺术交流作出杰出贡献。出版有各种文本和不同形式的《黄胄作品集》三十余种,理论文集有《黄胄谈艺术》、《黄胄书画论》等。
刘文西1933年10生,浙江嵊州人。擅长中国画。1950年在上海进入陶行知先生创办的“育才学校”学习美术,1958年浙江美术学院国画系毕业,后到西安美术学院工作至今。历任西安美院教研室主任、系主任、副院长、院长,现任名誉院长、教授,中国美协副主席、全国文联委员、陕西省文联副主席、陕西省美协副主席。享受政府特殊津贴。数十年来发表作品千余幅,出版个人作品集十余本,获国家级奖七次。中国美术馆收藏有《祖孙四代》、《知心话》、《毛主席身边啦家常》等二十五件作品。四十余年来,他一直从事繁重的教育工作和美院的领导工作,从1984年起承担西安美院副院长、院长达十二年,对学院的搬迁重建、改革发展作出了重大的贡献,为国家培养了不少优秀人才。他一贯坚持党的文艺方向、方针和政策,坚持不断地深入生活,不断的艰辛创作,在生活中画了大量速写,达二万余张。他以陕北为生活基地,先后去了六十多次,每年用不少时间泡在这块浩瀚而浑厚的黄土地上与陕北人民交朋友并建立了深厚的感情,并在大量的作品中力求描写陕北人民的特有个性和气质,他创作了大量的陕北革命历史题材和人民群众风土人情的作品。李瑞环同志鼓励他说:“你在三十余年美术生涯中,以独具风貌的艺术手法,创作了大量反映陕北人民生活的作品,受到普遍赞誉,尤其是以毛泽东主席为题材的作品,更产生了广泛的社会影响。希望继续朝着自己选择的艺术道路走下去,为人民创造出更多的好作品。”他以大量动人的作品、独创的面貌和风采以西安美院为主体的有实力的画家,在中国画坛上创立了“黄土画派”。数年来,他在国内外发表作品数千幅,出版画册十余件,中国美术馆收藏作品25件,获国家级奖9件,主要作品有《毛主席和牧羊人》《同欢共乐》、《祖孙四代》全国美展优秀作品展。《蜀道一瞥》被中国美术馆收藏。担任背景设计的水墨动画片《牧笛》和《鹿铃》分别获丹麦安徒生童话片国际金质奖和苏联电影节最佳美术片奖。自1980年始先后在山东、陕西、北京、广州举办个人画展,1988年分别于中国美术馆、日本京都文化博物馆举办“方济众遗作展”和“方济众遗墨展”。出版有《方济众画辑》、《方济众画集》,著有《山石树木技法》等。
王宝生,后长安画派代表性画家,1942年生于陕西宝鸡,1962年毕业于西安美院附中,1967年毕业于西安美术学院,毕业后留校。文革期间下放甘肃农场,后长期工作生活在基层。1987年、1988年应陕西省相关文化部门邀请先后筹建宝鸡文理学院美术系与陕西师范大学美术学院等。
王宝生早年受教于黄乃源、刘蒙天、罗铭、石鲁等老师,由于深受长安画派“一手伸向传统,一手伸向生活”的精神影响,坚持学习探索中国画数十年;其作品气象正大、厚重质朴,笔墨灵动润泽,意象融通,雅俗共赏。
其从事国画艺术六十年来,足迹遍及祖国山川沟壑。他坚持艺术来源于生活,追求高雅艺术的纯真表达,秉承长安画派艺术技法,同时,又有独特创新,赋予现代国画山水新的灵魂和时代感情。他独树一帜、潜心创作的一幅幅具有生命力的黄塬风情和西部山水作品在长安画派各家中独树一帜,是继早期长安画派之后陕西最重要的山水画家之一。
王子武,长安画派代表人物,1936年10月生于陕西长安(今西安市),中学毕业后,于陕西省煤矿管理局、西北煤矿管理局、煤炭部西安办事处及陕西铜川市文化宫工作 。1963年毕业于西安美术学院中国画系。分配至西安市园林局,1978年调中国美术家协会陕西分会从事专业创作,后为深圳石油化学工业公司画家。先后任职于陕西省美术家协会、深圳市文学艺术界联合会等单位。现为中国美术家协会会员、广东省美协常务理事,中国画研究院院委、深圳市文联副主席,一级美术师。享受国务院特殊津贴专家,国家一级美术师。 擅人物、花鸟,偶作山水。画风严谨而洒落,不拘成格,用笔用墨自具特色。作品曾多次入选国内外大型美术作品展览并在多种专业报刊上发表,或被博物馆、美术馆、纪念馆等单位收藏。
1940.2.22年生,河南新乡人。1963年毕业于西安美术学院中国画系,历任教师、编辑。1979年调入中国美术家协会陕西分会国画创作研究室,现任创作研究部主任。陕西国画院画师。中国美术家协会会员,陕西社会科学院书画研究会理事,华联书画院副院长,陕西花鸟画研究院名誉院长。国家一级美术师,西安美院客座教授、厦门大学客座教授、享受国务院特殊津贴专家。当今长安画派领军人物实力派画家。擅长写意花鸟。作品有《泼墨荷花》、《华山松》等。作品《荷花》入选第六届全国美展优秀作品展,中国美术馆收藏。作品曾参加国际水墨画邀请展、中国当代名家画展等。出版有《长安土风画派王金岭中国画作选》一辑,《山水画库》、《长安十家》、《中国美术馆藏品选集》、《中国美术全集(第四卷)》、《百年中国画集》、《当代中国著名中国画家作品精选》等大型画册发表多幅作品。论文有《中国画程式初探》、《石鲁用意之道》《诗与画的变形》、《笔墨谈》、《赋彩谈》等散见于报刊。
江文湛,后长安画派代表性画家,1940年出生于山东郯城。擅长中国画。1961年毕业于西安美术学院附中,1980年毕业于西安美术学院研究生班。曾在西安美术学院中国画系任教,曾留校执教于该院国画系。1985年调入西安中国画院任副院长。现为西安中国画院副院长,一级美术师,中国美协会员、有突出贡献的专家;西安美术学院客座教授、陕西文史馆馆员、中国花鸟画杂志编委等。
王有政,长安画派代表性画家;1941年5月生于山西万荣县。1964年毕业于西安美术学院附中。1969年毕业于西安美术学院国画系人物画专业。曾任陕西省群众艺术馆美术创作员员。现为中国美协会员,陕西省美协常务理事。国家一级美术师,享受国务院特殊津贴的专家。陕西国画院创作研究室主任。
赵振川,后长安画派代表性画家,1944年生,陕西省西安市人,祖籍河北省束鹿县。现为国家一级美术师,陕西省美术家协会常务理事、中国美术家协会理事、中国美协国画艺委会委员,黄胄美术基金会理事、陕西省文联副主席、陕西省美协党组成员、陕西省政协委员。他还是国务院授予突出贡献专家,陕西省“德艺双馨文艺工作者”,西安交通大学硕士生导师,西安美术学院客座教授,全国第五、第六届美代会代表。九届全国美展评委,陕西省评委会 副主任:中国美协第二届全国中国画展评委和“2003年全国中国中国画提名展”评委;全国第四届当代中国山水画展评委;中国美协“西部大地情中国画大展”评委;陕西省十届全国美展评委会主任。
崔振宽,后长安画派代表性画家,陕西省长安人,1935年生,1960年毕业于西安美术学院。现为中国美术家协会会员,陕西美术家协会理事,陕西国画家专业画家。国家一级美术师。作品多次参加全国美展,出版有《崔振宽画集》、《崔振宽山水画集》数种。在《美术》、《画刊》、《荣宝斋》、《美术观察》等专业刊物多次发表作品、论文及评介文章。多幅作品被人民大会堂、中国美术馆、上海美术馆、广东美术馆成都现代艺术馆收藏。曾出访日本、美国、法国、德国,进行学术交流,举办画展。
张杲,后长安画派代表性画家,1942年5月生,山东昌邑人。又名张呆,现任陕西省美协,曾任长安国画学会秘书长,美术家沙龙主持,陕西美协理事,一级美术师,全国第十届花鸟画邀请展评委,美国加利福尼亚——北京“西部文化研究会”副会长,陕西省对外文化交流协会理事等。
"Chang'an Painting School" is an art group represented by Shilu, Zhao Wangyun, Li Zisheng, Kang Shiyao, He Haixia, Fang Jizhong and other artists. Their paintings are mainly about landscapes, characters and flowers and birds. Most of their works depict the natural scenery and local customs in the northwest, especially in Shaanxi, especially in the Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi. In terms of creative techniques, they devote themselves to the inheritance and innovation of Chinese painting and put forward the artistic idea of "stretching one hand to tradition and one hand to life".
In the 1960s, Xi'an art groups represented by Zhao Wangyun and Shilu organized a tour exhibition in Beijing and other places. Their landscape paintings featuring the simplicity and stubbornness of the Loess Plateau and figure paintings featuring industrious and simple peasants in northern Shaanxi caused a sensation in Chinese painting circles, known as the Chang'an School of Painting.
Chang'an School of Painting: Modern Chinese Painting School. From the late 1950s to the first half of the 1960s, Xi'an was active in the city of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. Xi'an was formerly known as Chang'an, hence its name. Its main founders are Shilu and Zhao Wangyun, and important painters include He Haixia, Fang Jizhong, Li Zisheng, Kang Shiyao, Huang Qian, Luo Ming and others. They have lived in Shaanxi since the 1940s and engaged in artistic creation. Their paintings mainly focus on landscapes and figures, as well as flowers and birds. Most of their works depict northwest China. In contrast to the late Qing Dynasty, during the Republic of China, the Chinese painting circle imitated the old style and boldly went to life. A large number of life-painting creations injected a new feeling into the more dead Chinese painting at that time, forming a special style of painting with northern Shaanxi flavor.
After the 1980s, a large number of young and middle-aged painters such as Liu Wenxi, Chen Zhongzhi, Prince Wu, Cui Zhenkuan, Zhao Zhenchuan, Wang Baosheng, Luo Ping, Wang Jinling, Li Shinan, Wang Xijing, Wang Youzheng, Guo Quanzhong, Miao Chongan, Xu Yisheng, Jiang Wenzhan, Xu Shuzhi, Liu Yuansheng, Zhang Zhenxue, Zhang Yiqian and Wang Yanlin were active in Shaanxi painting. Tan, they inherited and carried forward the fine tradition of Chang'an School of Painting "one hand to tradition, one hand to life", based on loess, rooted in life, reflecting reality, relying on deep cultural accumulation, strong local customs, with new aesthetic feelings and language ways, constituted a distinct artistic style.
Zhao Wangyun is from Shulu, Hebei Province. Good at Chinese painting. Having studied fine arts in Beijing Art College, under the influence of the May 4th New Culture, he put forward the idea that art "goes out of the ivory tower and comes to the cross street". Because of the dissatisfaction with the school's education, he left school with indignation, living alone in a poor lane and studying hard by himself. In 1930, he was hired as an invited travel Sketcher of Ta Kung Pao. He embarked on the journey of "art for life", reflecting the hard life of the working people in the form of traditional Chinese paintings, and died in 1977.
In 1935, at the invitation of Feng Yuxiang, he co-published the Collection of Taishan Social Sketch Poems and Stone Carvings. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, under the support of Feng Yuxiang, Laoshe founded the Anti-Japanese War Picture Magazine in Wuhan, and then traveled to the southwest and northwest to sketch. Under the influence of Dunhuang art and local customs in the northwest, the unique artistic style of simplicity, simplicity and implication was formed. Since 1949, he has served as Vice-Director of Northwest Artists Association, Chairman of Shaanxi Branch, Director of Cultural Relics Department of Northwest Culture Ministry, Executive Director of China Artists Association, Chairman of Xi'an Artists Association, Vice-Director of Shaanxi Cultural Bureau, etc. Famous painters Huang Qiang and Fang Jizhong were his disciples.
In the 1950s and 1960s, Shilu and other places went deep into Northwest China, Qinling Forest Area in Southern Shaanxi and Sanmenxia Reservoir Site, and created works with a sense of life and the times. He has visited Egypt to sketch. Put forward "one hand to tradition, one hand to life" and create "Chang'an Painting School". Publishing has "rural sketch album", "Ceshang sketch album", "Yellow River sketch album", "Forest area sketch album", "Northwest Travel Album", "Egyptian sketch album", "Zhao Wangyun painting album" and so on.
Zhao Wangyun's painting style is natural and simple, with strong brushwork, and pays attention to the breath of life. He is good at finding meaningful pictures from the plain farm life. Because his early works represented by rural sketches played a pioneering role in the creation of Chinese paintings reflecting the new atmosphere of real life and in the later period.
He Haixia (1908-1998), one of the founders of Chang'an Painting School; a well-known Chinese modern painter, calligrapher, and professional painter of the Chinese Painting Research Institute (the predecessor of the Chinese National Academy of Painting); Manchu, the first name of He Fuhai, Ziying, and Deng Ying; born in September 1908 in Beijing, his parents loved literature and art, and their shadow of He Haixia in their childhood. It's very loud. He Haixia was fond of painting and calligraphy when she was young. She participated in the Chinese Painting Research Association in her youth. She was a teacher in 1924, and Zhang Daqian in 1934. She traveled with her to Shandong and Sichuan.
He Haixia enjoyed Chinese classical paintings and copied a large number of paintings from the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. In 1936, he held joint exhibitions with Qi Baishi, Zhang Daqian and Yu Feiyin in Changchun and Dalian.
In the spring of 1951, Chongqing moved to Xi'an. In 1956, he was a professional painter in Shaanxi Branch of China Artists Association. From the end of 1950s to the beginning of 1960s, he worked with Shilu and Zhao Wangyun to discuss the innovation of landscape painting, which attracted wide attention from the art circle and became an important painter of Chang'an Painting School.
In 1961, at the invitation of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, he taught in the Academy for two years and trained a group of Chinese painting talents.
After 1976, he was invited to create many huge landscape paintings for the Great Hall of the People, Diaoyutai State Guest House and other important places, which attracted the attention of the society.
In 1983, he was appointed Vice President of Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Painting Academy. Soon after, he moved to Beijing and worked as a professional painter in the Chinese Academy of Painting, creating a large number of excellent works. He also served as an advisor to the China International Friendship and Liaison Commission. With art as a link, he contributed to cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries.
Mr. He Haixia is good at landscape painting. On the basis of inheriting the tradition, he is full of traveling and watching and learning from nature.
He Haixia's landscape painting matured in the 1950s. He has made achievements in many fields, such as ink, green, boundary painting, and so on. He has a variety of features, including large-scale works, as well as exquisite small works. The natural landscape of Northwest China inspired him a lot. His works are distinctive in personality, ambitious in purpose, firm in body, strong in brushwork and rich in ink.
In addition to the novel artistic conception, the work Transfer to Northern Shaanxi is also very impressive in its artistic language. Before Chang'an School of Painting, there was no artist to express the Loess Plateau in Northern Shaanxi. How to express it is a new subject. Shilu's correct understanding of the art of Chinese painting made him find the artistic language to express the Loess Plateau. According to Shilu, "The thinking of art begins with concrete images." The performance of the Loess Plateau should start with the specific image of the Loess Plateau. At the same time, Shilu has not forgotten that art needs imitation, and the creation of artistic language expressing the Loess Plateau also needs to absorb valuable nutrients from traditional culture. Because Shilu can correctly understand and deal with the dialectical relationship between artistic creation and life, and tradition, he has a better understanding of the unfinished tunes in the performance of the Loess Plateau. Shilu expresses the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi with both dry and wet application, which combines strong mineral color and dripping ink color by means of draught mud with water. Shilu's unique artistic technique has been praised by many colleagues in the art circle. Wu Guanzhong, a famous painter, calls it "Shilu Qiang". However, this work also inadvertently reveals the weakness of Shilu's character modeling ability. Perhaps this is the reason why Shilu made such a choice.
From 1960 to 1963, Shi Lu's creative ideas became more and more mature, and he created a number of works with mature personal style. He not only painted the caves in Yan'an, the shore of Yanhe River and the Loess Plateau, but also traveled to the south of the Yangtze River, Guangdong and other places and created many excellent works. Speaking of creative experience, Shilu said, "A work can make people heart-stirring, because it is consistent with me, not necessarily related to the perspective of choice. The mineral deposits of art are scattered in the ocean of life. Where there is life, there will be ore of art. The shape, quality, movement, stillness, expression and posture of all things are not enough for words and paintings unless they can live in their hearts. Pursue life, life is not living, love life, life is living. Emotion is the real gold to arouse life, but feelings can not be added, fake things, it is a broad 2004.4 Shilu and Chang'an Painting School 85 of the world view of concretization, is individualized.
personal style
In his artistic creation, Shilu always believed that "painting must be first conceived". The process of Shilu's "conception" is different from that of ordinary people. Shilu's conception is based on the practice of artistic creation. It is based on a step-by-step and in-depth way. Therefore, Shilu's conception begins with emotion, which gives birth to the frame of pictures and the construction of language. Meaning also stands. So Shilu said, "The meaning must be from my feeling of nature". Shilu also believes that the fundamental issue of intention is how the painter looks at and treats life, whether there is real emotion, "less than feeling, it is difficult to think", and emotions are closely related to the way of expression of painting language in art. Shilu has always advocated expressing feelings in painting language, but feelings must be true, sincere and superior to others. These insights of Shilu profoundly show that "painting belongs to emotion". Love is the gateway of life and art.
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