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美国自然历史博物馆拥有一座藏书485,000册的自然历史图书馆，还有照片、影片和手稿等藏品。它还为公众举办各种教育活动，出版月刊《自然史》。世界上最大的天文馆之一──海登天文馆(HaydenPlanetarium)是该博物馆的一部分;它还有一个藏书1万册的天文图书馆和一个直径23公尺(米)的太空剧场。

该馆设有图书馆和奥斯朋古脊椎动物分图书馆，藏有自然历史方面书刊30万册左右，其中许多是很有价值的首版专著。该馆还出版许多专业书刊和大量科普宣传资料。其中《博物学》杂志和《博物馆员》杂志发行量很大。

该馆公共教育部也是主要的业务部门，主管陈列与展览、对外宣传、学校服务、接待观众、收集放映科教影片以及举办科普讲座等。该馆每年观众达400万人次。

美国自然历史博物馆馆长埃伦·富特当天在新闻发布会上说：“这项博物馆移动导航系统让博物馆能随时随地和参观者对接，让他们全方位地了解博物馆丰富的资源，这也重新定义了在21世纪逛博物馆的理念。”

这个经过3年时间研究开发的博物馆导航系统可以免费下载到手机和多种无线终端接收设备上。它不仅能帮助游客明确所处位置，还能对博物馆全部45个展厅、剧院、卫生间和餐厅进行导航，让游客在博物馆内行走自如。

除移动导游功能外，导航系统还通过手机的演示平台，在游客每次移步换位时，提供图文并茂的馆藏信息和藏品介绍。该系统还为游客定制个性化参观路线，甚至游客在参观前，在家中都可以通过该导航系统预先设定自己的参观路线。同时，游客还可以通过该导航系统上网，与远方的朋友分享实时参观体验。

埃伦·富特说，每位前来参观的游客都可以免费下载这个移动博物馆导航系统软件，博物馆也免费提供350多部移动装置供游客体验导航系统。

美国自然历史博物馆已有140多年历史，是全世界知名的科学、教育、文化机构，馆里永久收藏了3200多万标本和史前古器物。

陈列

陈列范围主要包括天文学、矿物学、人类历史、古代动物和现代动物5个方面。有大量的化石、恐龙、禽鸟、印第安人和爱斯基摩人的复制模型。所藏宝石、软体动物和海洋生物标本尤为名贵。

有500-1500平方米大小陈列厅38个。此外还有罗斯福纪念厅，纪念T．罗斯福总统对该馆事业的支持。此厅也用于举办特展，展出自然科学的重要新发现及与时事、社会问题和市民生活有密切关系的专题。还有供业余爱好者进行各种科学活动的实验室、自然科学中心和市民中心。该馆有10多个学科研究部，主管标本采集、研究和出版工作。

博物馆正门有座戎马一身的西奥多·罗斯福的塑像。这座雄伟的塑像是为纪念老罗斯福对于保护自然的贡献而塑的,里面进门的右侧还有罗斯福纪念大堂,在美国历史上,罗斯福被誉为现代美国之父（1901-1909年间任美国总统）和保护自然资源之父，因为他完整地提出了有关保护、利用和开发自然资源的主张并在他总统任期开辟了大量自然资源保护区。

博物馆分四层参观。第一层有北美森林、生态百态展览厅、哥茨曼地球展览厅、纽约州环境、海洋生物、北美哺乳类动物、哺乳类动物、西北海岸印第安人馆、人类生态学与进化、若斯陨石纪念厅、摩根宝石纪念展览厅、古根亨利矿物展览厅等。其中每一部分的构思和布置均雄奇壮观，如进门大厅中央即陈列巨型八头大小象标本，四周为狮虎鹿豹等兽类标本。动态如生。各馆均配以现代音响效果及电脑屏幕显示，所以印象比较深刻（记得1991年我来这里参观时还没有这么普及）。北美森林馆显示树林的年轮的历史发展，从若干万年前的原始森林到现代社会的森林被滥加砍伐的景况，进行了生动的保护自然资源的教育。

人类生态与进化把生物和人类进化的演进过程生动地展示在人们面前，还配以人的发育史的音像教育。有关宝石和矿石的展览厅设计十分新颖，光线幽暗如进入宝藏洞穴，展品照明很讲究，回环曲折，层出不穷，是十分生动的矿物知识教育，其中的蓝宝石和大型水晶体特别引人注目。据说红宝石很少有大颗粒的，十几克拉的红宝石就属少见了。英国伦敦大博物馆收藏了一颗167克拉的红宝石，美国自然博物馆珍藏了一颗100克拉的星光红宝石。其他馆以标本居多，重在自然历史知识的普及和研究，吸引大量中小学生来观看，而且都有教师带队，专人讲解，似乎是他们学校课外教育的重要组成部分。

在二楼，有亚洲哺乳类动物、罗斯福厅、惠特尼海鸟纪念展览厅、斯托特亚洲人种展览厅、阿克莉非洲哺乳动物展览厅、非洲人种展览厅、世界鸟类展览厅、墨西哥和中美洲展览厅、南美人种展览厅等。在三楼，有爬行类动物和两栖两栖类动物馆、阿克莉非洲哺乳动物类动物展览厅、纽约市鸟类、纽约州哺乳类动物、灵长类馆、查普曼北美鸟类展览、东部林地及北美印第安人展览馆、米德太平洋人种展览厅等。在四楼，有华莱士哺乳类动物及其灭绝同类展览、原始哺乳类动物、鸟类恐龙厅，这里巨大的恐龙骨架顶天立地。还有密尔斯坦高级哺乳类动物展览厅、蜥蜴类恐龙厅、脊椎动物起源厅等。上面这些馆厅我们几乎都浏览一下，对于有音像设备和“小电视片”的厅馆停留时间多些。

我们在三楼大厅的大型电视屏幕前看了一场有关生物起源的影片约20分钟。但是最吸引人的地方，莫过于位于一楼的大礼堂的专场电影，有二三百人在那里排队等候观看历时45分钟的动物生态世界的全景超大屏幕电影，这个屏幕是我们迄今所见屏幕之冠，有二三层楼那么高，立体声响，色彩和音响都极佳，通过蝴蝶群、候鸟（大雁群）、红色螃蟹群、斑马群、牛群、鱼群、海鲸群等的群体生活细节刻画，镜头逼真。色彩绚烂，画面奇瑰，近镜头仿佛与这些动物共处同一空间，远镜头则给人们以极为优美瑰丽的艺术感受，形象生动潜移默化地给以人与自然和谐的教育。就人类早期文化遗迹的保存来说，自然历史博物馆和大都会博

物馆有共同之处，不过这里以历史演变为重点，而后者则以艺术价值为重点。

总的感觉,这座博物馆以科普知识为主,且专业性很强,参观者以青少年为主，人数不及大都会博物馆多。我想随着人们保护自然生态环境意识的加强,来这里参观的人会更多。如果着重从保护生态环境的角度来反映自然史的变化,则会更有现实意义,也会吸引更多的人来参观。例如有关濒危动植物的灭绝、沙漠化的危害、水资源匮乏的后果、热带雨林减少及其后果、植被的减少和耕地面积的锐减、大气污染对于自然生态和动物植物的影响等等，虽占一定的展区，都尚需大幅度增加内容，使之不仅是自然历史博物馆而且是自然生态保护的博物馆。每次参观美国自然博物馆都有新感受，2003年增加了不少绿色环保的内容，显示保护自然家园越来越受到重视。

 太空照

美国自然历史博物馆向公众展示了两幅由哈勃太空望远镜拍摄的巨幅太空照片，以纪念哈勃太空望远镜15岁生日。

这两幅巨幅太空照片一个显示的是涡状星系M51，另一个显示的是形状奇特的天鹰座星云。两幅照片的尺寸分别是10x7英尺和10x5英尺。为太空照片揭幕的该馆天体物理部馆长麦克·沙拉曾参与当年哈勃太空望远镜的研制发展，他指出，在哈勃望远镜15岁生日时，展示它拍摄的人类迄今为止观测到的宇宙最深处的照片，是最有意义的庆祝方式。

哈勃太空望远镜于1990年4月25日发射升空，目的是在地球大气层外的地球轨道上对太空进行观测拍摄，以降低大气层对观测的扭曲效应。15年来，哈勃太空望远镜累计已经绕地球运行约30亿英里，拍摄到的照片的清晰度非常高，堪称是人类历史上最具科学成就的太空装置。自哈勃太空望远镜投入使用以来，科学家已经通过它拍摄了70多万张各类天体的图像，其中包括一些数百亿年前就存在的星系照片。 

中国龙

2007年5月22日，纽约著名的美国自然历史博物馆对媒体预展了名为“神秘造物：龙、独角兽和美人鱼”的专题展览。一条全长达36米多的中国舞龙道具悬挂在展区上方，十分引人注目。

该展览通过各种模型以及文物展示了来自亚洲、欧洲、美洲、非洲等不同文化背景和神话传说中的龙、独角兽和美人鱼等多种形象。其中龙展区通过舞龙道具、龙袍、皮影戏、古董美国大型自然历史专门性博物馆。位于纽约曼哈顿区中央公园西侧。创建于1869年。占地面积7万多平方米。有19幢楼房、50多个展厅。并附有天文馆和图书馆。

馆藏

馆藏有三千六百万余件，具有42个展厅，里面展出了长12米高5米的恐龙骨架、高94英尺的蓝鲸模型、563克拉蓝宝石"印度之星"、重31吨的世界最大陨石等。其外，在自然IMAX巨幕影院和天文馆内观览自然相关的影片和资料。

此博物馆包括恐龙化石，展出各种动物、地理、人类、生物相关的展示品，尤其是，展现地球生物进化过程的展示品与实际生物难以区分。用真化石而组成的重龙（Barosaurus），1925年在美国南部海岸狩猎的重150吨蓝鲸的模型，和长19.5米的印第安海战用独木舟，是在此博物馆非得看的展示品。该馆是进行野外探险、创造展示自然栖地及动植物生命的实景模型的开路先锋。

该馆所收藏的研究标本达3,000多万件，化石和昆虫的藏量是世界上最多的之一。所展示的化石恐龙和哺乳动物给人印象尤为深刻。该馆进行人类学、天文学、昆虫学、爬虫学、鱼类学、无脊椎动物、哺乳动物学、矿物学、鸟类学以及脊椎动物古生物学等的研究。

美国自然历史博物馆截止到2011年12月拥有300万件的标本和文物。这些馆藏品是于不同时期通过多种渠道搜集而来。

据Raxworthy博士介绍，博物馆的一些早期收藏品为私人捐赠。之后，博物馆的国际科考队伍也为其带回不少的收藏品。还有一些则是从那些因种种原因而无法继续运营的小博物馆中购得。

现阶段，自然历史博物馆的庞大馆藏品中只有百分之二左右展示给公众，剩余的仍作为博物馆科学家的研究资源。不过，随着该博物馆正在着手进行的馆藏品数字化项目的完成，公众们有望看到那些一直深居幕后的馆藏品。 

举办展览是博物馆向公众展示其馆藏品及其科学家的研究成果的最直接也最直观的方式。自然历史博物馆现有45个固定展馆，其中有15个是过去10年中新建起来的。 

除了这些固定展馆外，该博物馆还不定期举办其他主题的展览，包括动物展、古文物展等。

 “我们在教育方面有很强的使命感，”美国自然历史博物馆教育与展览科学部副主任ChristpherRaxworthy博士说道。

Raxworthy博士指出，自然历史博物馆对公众的教育分不同层面展开。在纽约地区，博物馆与当地的公立学校广泛合作，在给这些学校的教师提供培训的同时也安排学校组织学生团体参观博物馆。

自然历史博物馆提供的数据显示，每年都有超过40万的中小学生通过学校组团到该博物馆参观，并参加博物馆组织的正式教育活动。博物馆安排专门的讲解员，在给学生们介绍馆藏的同时，也带领学生动手做试验，使他们对诸如环境、恐龙时代、宇宙及世界文化等话题有所了解。 除了当地的公立学校外，自然历史博物馆还与美国一些主要科学教科书的出版商有合作。据Raxworthy博士介绍，博物馆给一到六年级的科学教科书提供内容与材料。而事实上，自然历史博物馆的教育项目涉及面非常广，从幼儿园一直延伸到博士及博士后项目。

在自然历史博物馆里常常能见到这样的一批小孩。他们被称作“小小探险家”。这些孩子通常在3、4岁左右就被家长带到博物馆来了解科学知识，之后，这些充满好奇心的孩子们会经常来到博物馆，通过讲解员的介绍以及自己的亲手实验来学习和充实自己的科学知识。

Raxworthy说：“很多孩子在接受正式的学校教育之前就已经在我们这里开始了他们的学习。”

对广大的中学生，自然历史博物馆则提供免费的课外讲座来补充学生们在课堂上所无法了解到的知识。除此之外，博物馆每年还选出35名中学生与博物馆的科学家们一起着手进行长期的科研项目。这些教育项目大大增进了公众对科学及与人类息息相关的话题的了解。

美国自然历史博物馆2006年10月在教育方面的大手笔是成立了自己的研究生院，2007年开始招生，于2008年秋季开始正式上课。并已获准为学生颁发比较生物学的博士学位。这在美国博物馆历史上尚属首次。

 The American Museum of Natural History has a collection of 485,000 copies of natural history, as well as photographs, films and manuscripts. It also organizes various educational activities for the public and publishes the monthly magazine Natural History. Hayden Planetarium, one of the world's largest astronomical museums, is part of the museum; it also has a 10,000-volume astronomical library and a 23-meter-diameter space theater.

The library has a library and Osborne Ancient Vertebrate Branch Library. It has about 300,000 books on natural history, many of which are valuable first editions of monographs. The library also publishes many professional books and periodicals and a large number of popular science publicity materials. Among them, "Natural History" magazine and "Museum Man" magazine have a large circulation.

The Ministry of Public Education of the Museum is also the main business department, which is in charge of exhibition and exhibition, external publicity, school services, audience reception, collection and projection of science and education films, and holding science popularization lectures, etc. The Museum has an annual audience of 4 million people.

Ellen Furt, curator of the American Museum of Natural History, said at a news conference the same day: "This Museum mobile navigation system allows museums to dock with visitors anytime, anywhere, so that they can fully understand the rich resources of museums, which also redefines the concept of visiting museums in the 21st century."

The Museum navigation system, which has been developed for three years, can be downloaded to mobile phones and a variety of wireless terminal reception devices for free. It can not only help visitors to identify their location, but also navigate all 45 exhibition halls, theatres, bathrooms and restaurants in the museum, so that visitors can walk freely in the museum.

In addition to the mobile tour guide function, the navigation system also provides pictures and texts of the collection information and introduction of collections through mobile phone demonstration platform. The system also customizes personalized touring routes for tourists. Even before visiting, tourists can pre-set their own touring routes at home through the navigation system. At the same time, tourists can also access the Internet through the navigation system, and share real-time visiting experience with friends from afar.

Ellen Futt said that every visitor can download the mobile museum navigation system software for free, and the museum also provides more than 350 mobile devices for visitors to experience the navigation system for free.

The Natural History Museum of the United States has a history of more than 140 years. It is a world-renowned scientific, educational and cultural institution. It has a permanent collection of more than 32 million specimens and prehistoric artifacts.

The exhibition mainly includes astronomy, mineralogy, human history, ancient animals and modern animals. There are numerous replicas of fossils, dinosaurs, birds, Indians and Eskimos. The gemstones, mollusks and marine biological specimens are particularly valuable.

There are 38 showrooms of 500-1500 square meters in size. In addition, there is the Roosevelt Memorial Hall to commemorate President T. Roosevelt's support for the museum's cause. This hall is also used to hold special exhibitions on important new discoveries of natural science and topics closely related to current events, social issues and civil life. There are also laboratories, natural science centers and civic centers for amateurs to carry out various scientific activities. There are more than 10 research departments in charge of specimen collection, research and publication.

There is a military horse statue of Theodore Roosevelt in the main entrance of the museum. This magnificent statue is made to commemorate Old Roosevelt's contribution to the conservation of nature. On the right side of the entrance is the Roosevelt Memorial Hall. In American history, Roosevelt was known as the father of modern America (President of the United States from 1901 to 1909) and the father of natural resources protection, because he put forward the protection and benefit completely. The idea of using and exploiting natural resources opened up a large number of natural resource reserves during his presidency.

The museum is visited on four floors. On the first floor are the North American Forest, Eco-Baiwei Exhibition Hall, Goldman Earth Exhibition Hall, New York State Environment, Marine Life, North American Mammals, Mammals, Northwest Coast Indian Museum, Human Ecology and Evolution, Joss Meteorite Memorial Hall, Morgan Gem Memorial Exhibition Hall, Guggenheim Henry Mineral Exhibition Hall, etc. Each part of the design and layout is magnificent, such as the entrance hall in the central display of giant eight elephant specimens, surrounded by lions, tigers, deer and leopards and other animal specimens. Dynamic as life. All the libraries are equipped with modern audio effects and computer screen display, so they are quite impressive (I remember when I came here in 1991, it was not so popular). The North American Forest Museum shows the historical development of the annual rings of forests. From the primitive forests of tens of thousands of years ago to the deforestation in modern society, it carries out vivid education on the protection of natural resources.

Human ecology and evolution vividly show the evolutionary process of organism and human evolution in front of people. It is also accompanied by audio-visual education of human development history. The exhibition hall of gems and ores is very innovative in design. The light is so dim that it enters the caves of treasures. The lighting of the exhibits is very exquisite. The circles are tortuous and endless. It is a very vivid education of mineral knowledge. Sapphire and large crystals are especially noticeable. It is said that rubies rarely have large grains, and a dozen carats of rubies are rare. The London Museum of Great Britain has a 167-carat Ruby and the American Museum of Nature has a 100-carat star-lit ruby. Most of the other libraries are specimens, focusing on the popularization and research of natural and historical knowledge, attracting a large number of primary and secondary school students to watch, and all of them have teachers to lead the team, dedicated explanation, seems to be an important part of their school extracurricular education.

On the second floor, there are Asian mammals, Roosevelt Hall, Whitney Seabird Memorial Exhibition Hall, Stott Asian Ethnic Exhibition Hall, Akly African Mammal Exhibition Hall, African Ethnic Exhibition Hall, World Bird Exhibition Hall, Mexico and Central America Exhibition Hall, South American Ethnic Exhibition Hall, etc. On the third floor, there are Reptiles and Amphibians Museum, Akli African Mammals Exhibition Hall, New York City Birds, New York State Mammals, Primates Museum, Chapman North American Birds Exhibition, East Woodland and North American Indians Exhibition Hall, Mid Pacific Ethnic Exhibition Hall, etc. On the fourth floor, there are Wallace mammals and extinct similar exhibitions, primitive mammals, bird dinosaur hall, where the huge dinosaur skeleton stands. There are also Milestone Advanced Mammal Exhibition Hall, Lizard Dinosaur Hall, Vertebrate Origin Hall and so on. Almost all of the above halls are browsed. For halls with audio-visual equipment and "small TV" films, we spend more time.

We watched a film about the origin of living things for about 20 minutes in front of a large TV screen in the lobby on the third floor. But the most attractive place is the special film in the auditorium on the first floor, where two or three hundred people queued to watch the panoramic super-large screen movie of the animal ecological world, which lasted 45 minutes. This screen is the crown of the screen we have seen so far. It is as high as two or three stories, and it has excellent stereo, color and sound. Good, through the detailed description of the group life of butterflies, migratory birds (geese), red crabs, zebras, cattle, fish, sea whales and so on, the camera is realistic. The colour is gorgeous, the picture is magnificent, the near lens seems to coexist with these animals in the same space, while the far lens gives people a very beautiful and magnificent artistic feeling, vivid and subtle image to the education of harmony between man and nature. For the preservation of early human cultural relics, the Museum of Natural History and the Metropolitan Museum

Museums have something in common, but they focus on historical evolution, while the latter focuses on artistic value.

The Museum of Natural History of the United States presents two giant space photographs taken by the Hubble Space Telescope to the public in commemoration of the fifteenth birthday of the Hubble Space Telescope.

One of the two giant space photos shows the spiral galaxy M51, and the other shows the curiously shaped Eagle Nebula. The sizes of the two pictures are 10x7 feet and 10x5 feet, respectively. Mike Shara, curator of the Astrophysics Department of the Museum, who unveiled space photographs, was involved in the development of the Hubble Space Telescope. He pointed out that it was the most meaningful way to celebrate the 15th birthday of the Hubble Space Telescope by showing the deepest pictures of the universe that humans have ever observed.

The Hubble Space Telescope was launched on April 25, 1990. Its purpose is to observe and photograph space in Earth orbit outside the Earth's atmosphere in order to reduce the distortion effect of the atmosphere on observation. Over the past 15 years, the Hubble Space Telescope has traveled about 3 billion miles around the Earth. The photographs taken by the Hubble Space Telescope are of great clarity, making it the most scientifically successful space device in human history. Since the launch of the Hubble Space Telescope, scientists have taken more than 700,000 images of various objects, including galaxies that existed tens of billions of years ago.

Chinese Dragon

On May 22, 2007, the famous American Museum of Natural History in New York previewed a special exhibition entitled "Mysterious Creations: Dragons, Unicorns and Mermaids". A Chinese dragon dance prop with a total length of more than 36 meters hangs above the exhibition area, which is very noticeable.

Through various models and cultural relics, the exhibition displays dragons, unicorns and mermaids from different cultural backgrounds and legends in Asia, Europe, America and Africa. Among them, dragon exhibition area through dragon dance props, dragon robes, shadow play, antiques, large-scale special Museum of natural history in the United States. Located on the west side of Central Park in Manhattan, New York. Founded in 1869. It covers an area of more than 70,000 square meters. There are 19 buildings and more than 50 exhibition halls. It also has an astronomical library and a library.

collection

There are more than 36 million pieces in the museum, including 42 exhibition halls, which display 12 meters long and 5 meters high dinosaur skeleton, 94 feet high model blue whale, 563 carats of sapphire "Indian Star", 31 tons of the world's largest meteorite, and so on. In addition, you can see nature-related movies and materials in the Natural IMAX Giant Screen Cinema and the Astronomical Museum.

The museum includes dinosaur fossils and exhibits a variety of animal, geographic, human and biological related exhibits. In particular, exhibits showing the evolution of the Earth's organisms are difficult to distinguish from real life. Barosaurus, a model of 150 tons of blue whales hunted on the southern coast of the United States in 1925, and a 19.5-meter-long Indian naval battle canoe are exhibits that are not to be seen in this museum. The museum is a pioneer in field explorations and in creating realistic models of natural habitats and life of animals and plants.

The Museum has more than 30 million research specimens and one of the largest collections of fossils and insects in the world. The fossil dinosaurs and mammals on display are particularly impressive. The Museum conducts anthropological, astronomical, entomological, reptilian, ichthyological, invertebrate, mammalian, mineralogical, ornithological and vertebrate paleontology studies.

The American Museum of Natural History has 3 million specimens and artifacts by December 2011. These collections were collected through various channels in different periods.

According to Dr. Raxworth, some of the museum's early collections were donated privately. Later, the museum's international science team also brought back a lot of collections for it. Others were purchased from small museums that could not continue to operate for various reasons.

At present, only about 2% of the huge collection of the Museum of Natural History is displayed to the public, and the rest is still used as research resources for Museum scientists. However, with the completion of the museum's ongoing collection digitization project, the public is expected to see those collections that have been living behind the scenes.

Exhibitions are the most direct and intuitive way for museums to show their collections to the public and the research results of their scientists. The Museum of Natural History has 45 permanent exhibition halls, of which 15 have been newly built in the past 10 years.

In addition to these regular exhibitions, the museum also holds exhibitions on other topics, including animal exhibitions, antiquities exhibitions and so on.