康斯坦·特鲁瓦永作品集

常数.特鲁瓦永(1810年8月28日—1810年2月21日)是法国的画家巴比桑画派。在他职业生涯的早期,他画的主要景观。相对在晚年才Troyon发现他的专长作为一个画家的动物,并取得国际认可。

他出生在塞夫勒巴黎附近,他的父亲是与著名的工厂瓷。Troyon进入画室很年轻作为装饰,直到他二十的勤勉地在瓷器装饰的细节,这种工作,他掌握了如此彻底,很多年前他克服其局限性。当他达到了21个国家旅行作为一个艺术家,和绘画风景,只要他的财务状况持续了。当要求他赚钱的朋友他见到的第一个中国制造商和工作稳步在装饰他的老业务,直到他积累了足够的资金,允许他再次开始漫游。

Troyon是一个最喜欢的卡米尔Roqueplan他八年高级艺术家的区别,和他成为了他的一个学生从一个画家收到一定的学费后,现在很未知,命名阿尔弗雷德Riocreux。Roqueplan Troyon介绍给卢梭,朱尔斯迪普雷,另巴比松画家1840年和1847年之间,在他的照片他似乎努力跟随他们的脚步。但作为一个风景画家Troyon就不会被认为是一个彻底的主人,虽然他的工作周期是标有多少诚意,会见了一定成功。不过这可能指出,在一个或两个纯粹的风景他生命的最后他取得了最高的艺术品质;但这牛是经过漫长的经历作为一个画家,他的天赋已经彻底的发展。

1846年Troyon去了荷兰,在海牙保卢斯波特著名的“年轻的公牛”。这张图,研究他的Cuyp阳光明媚的风景,和伦布兰特高贵的杰作,他很快进化一种绘画的新方法,和只有在工作后这段时间Troyon的真实个性。当他意识到他的权力作为一个动物画家他开发的速度和成功,直到他的作品成为了英国和公认的杰作美国,以及在所有国家的大陆。

然而,成功来得太晚,Troyon从未相信自己,即使他能命令几个国家的市场,他仍然大声抱怨世界对待他的方式。然而他装饰着荣誉军团勋章,五次获得奖牌在巴黎沙龙,拿破仑三世一定是他的一个顾客,他至少经济成功像巴比松的同事。

Troyon死了,未婚,1865年2月21日在巴黎,经过一学期的智力而蒙上阴影。他被葬在了Cimetiere de蒙马特在蒙马特季度的巴黎。

他所有的著名照片的日期在1850年至1864年之间,他的早期作品的相对价值不大。他的母亲,他幸存下来,制定Troyon奖美术学院动物图片。Troyon的工作是相当有名的公众通过许多大型版画从他的照片。在华莱士画廊在伦敦“浇水牛”和“牛在暴风雨天气”;格拉斯哥总公司画廊是一个“景观与牛”;罗浮宫包含了他著名的“牛在工作”和“回到农场”;而大都会艺术博物馆在美国和其他画廊包含他的画的很好的例子。他的“法兰de la Toucque诺曼底”,是他的一个伟大的照片,佳士得sale-room 1902年单一数字牛但温和的景观质量获取£7350。埃米尔·范Marcke(1827 - 1891)是他最有名的学生。

Constant Troyon (August 28, 1810 – February 21, 1865) was a French painter of the Barbizon school. In the early part of his career he painted mostly landscapes. It was only comparatively late in life that Troyon found his métier as a painter of animals, and achieved international recognition.

He was born in Sèvres, near Paris, where his father was connected with the famous manufactory ofporcelain. Troyon entered the ateliers very young as a decorator, and until he was twenty he labored assiduously at the minute details of porcelain ornamentation; and this kind of work he mastered so thoroughly that it was many years before he overcame its limitations. By the time he reached twenty-one he was travelling the country as an artist, and painting landscapes so long as his finances lasted. Then when pressed for money he made friends with the first china manufacturer he met and worked steadily at his old business of decorator until he had accumulated enough funds to permit him to start again on his wanderings.

Troyon was a favorite with Camille Roqueplan, an artist of distinction eight years his senior, and he became one of his pupils after receiving certain tuition from a painter, now quite unknown, named Alfred Riocreux. Roqueplan introduced Troyon to Rousseau, Jules Dupré, and the other Barbizon painters, and in his pictures between 1840 and 1847 he seemed to endeavour to follow in their footsteps. But as a landscapist Troyon would never have been recognized as a thorough master, although his work of the period is marked with much sincerity and met with a certain success. It may be pointed out, however, that in one or two pure landscapes of the end of his life he achieved qualities of the highest artistic kind; but this was after lengthy experience as a cattle painter, by which his talents had become thoroughly developed.

In 1846 Troyon went to the Netherlands, and at the Hague saw Paulus Potter's famous "Young Bull". From the studies he made of this picture, of Cuyp's sunny landscapes, andRembrandt's noble masterpieces he soon evolved a new method of painting, and it is only in works produced after this time that Troyon's true individuality is revealed. When he became conscious of his power as an animal painter he developed with rapidity and success, until his works became recognized as masterpieces in Britain and America, as well as in all countries of the Continent.

Success, however, came too late, for Troyon never quite believed in it himself, and even when he could command the market of several countries he still grumbled loudly at the way the world treated him. Yet he was decorated with the Legion of Honour, and five times received medals at the Paris Salon, while Napoleon III was one of his patrons; and it is certain he was at least as financially successful as his Barbizon colleagues.

Troyon died, unmarried, at Paris on 21 February 1865, after a term of clouded intellect. He was buried in the Cimetière de Montmartre in the Montmartre Quarter of Paris.

All his famous pictures are of date between 1850 and 1864, his earlier work being of comparatively little value. His mother, who survived him, instituted the Troyon prize for animal pictures at the École des Beaux Arts. Troyon's work is fairly well known to the public through a number of large engravings from his pictures. In the Wallace Gallery in London are "Watering Cattle" and "Cattle in Stormy Weather"; in the Glasgow Corporation Gallery is a "Landscape with Cattle"; the Louvre contains his famous "Oxen at Work" and "Returning to the Farm"; while the Metropolitan Museum of Art and other galleries in America contain fine examples of his pictures. His "Vallée de la Toucque, Normandy", is one of his greatest pictures; and atChristie's sale-room in 1902 the single figure of a cow in a landscape of but moderate quality fetched £7350. Émile van Marcke (1827–1891) was his best-known pupil.