阿列克谢出生家庭的一位政府官员的工作军械库和“Канцелярияотстроений”(Chancellory建筑)。从1732年开始,亚历克斯在Chancellory在他的亲戚安德烈Matveyev。1739年之后,他的“绘画小组”的成员Chancellory下伊凡Vishnyakov。作为团队的一员阿列克谢frescoeing参加的颐和园,冬宫,Anichkov宫和其他建筑圣彼得堡。他还研究了肖像艺术从宫廷画师路易Caravaque的法国。1749年阿列克谢收到画家的秩的学徒,1750年代末的秩主画家。

在1752 - 1755年他的内部工作圣安德鲁教堂的基辅。他监督的安装圣障和壁画的炮塔和墙壁。最突出的是教堂里的壁画最后的晚餐在坛上。

他开始画肖像前基辅。已知的最早的画像他的画像伊丽莎白的俄罗斯。他没有达到他的模型,但这些画基于老师的作品,路易Caravaque。

从1755年到1757年他在莫斯科举行frescoeing宫殿。在这里他遇到了王子伊万·舒瓦洛夫支持Antropov余生的工作。

从1757年到1759年Antropov回到圣彼得堡,获得进一步的指令从宫廷画师Pietro Rotari的意大利。历史学家认为他的画像点Izmaylova毕业是一种工作。1760年代可能是最富有成效的时期的艺术家。他画了许多优秀的肖像的画像哥萨克Krasnoschekov,的画像Rumyantseva。伊万·舒瓦洛夫计划他搬到莫斯科,所以Antropov可以教艺术莫斯科大学。出于某种原因,这个计划被取消,转而Antropov得到那份工作的宗教会议的俄罗斯东正教教堂他监督图标绘画,装饰教堂,教堂大主教的肖像和监督艺术的学生。在他的学徒德米特里•Levitzky实际上,他住在他的老师的房子。

1762年俄罗斯的彼得三世成为新皇帝。Antropov很快成为他最喜欢的画家。六个月的彼得三世的统治,Antropov画至有四个他的肖像。宫廷政变后,新皇后,凯瑟琳二世有一个低得多的意见Antropov的人才。当时,艺术家喜欢软的颜色组合和一些奉承的肖像。Antropov偏爱传统的图标和parsuna肖像,基于颜色有一个黑暗的背景形成了鲜明对比。

1789年Antropov个人牺牲,他唯一的房子转到教育部组织免费学校。1795年Antropov死于发烧,葬在了Tikhvin公墓在亚历山大涅夫斯基修道院在圣彼得堡。

Alexei was born to the family of a government official who worked in the Armory and in the "Канцелярия от строений" (Chancellory of Buildings). Beginning in 1732, Alexei worked at the Chancellory under his relative Andrey Matveyev. After 1739 he was a member of the "painting team" of the Chancellory under Ivan Vishnyakov. As a member of the team Alexei took part in the frescoeing of the Summer Palace, Winter Palace, Anichkov Palace and other buildings of Saint Petersburg. He also studied portrait art from the court painter Louis Caravaque of France. In 1749 Alexei received the rank of the Painter's Apprentice and at the end of the 1750s the rank of the Master Painter.

In 1752-1755 he worked on the interiors of the St Andrew's Church of Kiev. He supervised the installation of the iconostasis and frescoed cupolas and walls. The most prominent of his frescoes in the church is the Last Supper in the altar.

He started to paint portraits before his Kiev period. The earliest known portraits of his are portraits of Elizabeth of Russia. He did not meet his model, but based the paintings on the works of his teacher, Louis Caravaque.

From 1755 to 1757 he worked in Moscow frescoeing the Golovkin palace. Here he met prince Ivan Shuvalov who supported Antropov's work for the rest of his life.

From 1757 to 1759 Antropov returned to Saint-Petersburg and obtained further instruction from court painter Pietro Rotari of Italy. Historians consider his portrait of A.M. Izmaylova to be a sort of a graduation work. The 1760s were probably the most productive period of the artist. He painted many good portraits among the Portrait of Ataman Krasnoschekov, Portrait of Rumyantseva. Ivan Shuvalov planned to move him to Moscow, so Antropov could teach art the Moscow University. For some reason this plan was cancelled and Antropov instead got the job at the Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church, there he supervised icon painting, decorated the churches, drew the portraits of church hierarchs and supervised art students. Among his apprentices was Dmitry Levitzky, who actually lived in his teacher's house.

In 1762 Peter III of Russia became the new Emperor. Antropov soon became his favorite painter. For the six months of Peter III's rule, Antropov painted at least four of his portraits. After the palace revolt, the new Empress, Catherine II had a much lower opinion of Antropov's talents. At that time, artists preferred a soft combinations of colors and some flattering for the ceremonial portraits. Antropov preferred the traditional icon and parsuna portraits, based on a sharp contrast of colors with a dark background.

In 1789 Antropov made a personal sacrifice, transferring his only house to the Department of Education for organizing a Free School there. In 1795 Antropov died of a fever and was buried in the Tikhvin Cemetery at the Alexander Nevsky Monastery, in Saint Petersburg.