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米哈伊.蒙卡奇Mihály Munkacsy

米哈伊.蒙卡奇Mihály Munkacsy(1844年2月20日——1900年5月1日),匈牙利画家。1865年,他就读于学院的维也纳下卡尔Rahl。1866年,他就读于慕尼黑学院,并在1868年他移居到Kunstakademie杜塞尔多夫与流行的研究流派画家路德维希·诺斯。1867年,他前往巴黎看世界博览会。他的巴黎之行后,他的风格变得更轻,更广泛的笔触和色调的配色方案-他很可能被影响的现代法国绘画在博览会看到。

  • 中文名米哈伊.蒙卡奇
  • 外文名Mihály Munkacsy
  • 性别
  • 国籍匈牙利
  • 出生地匈牙利
  • 出生日期1844年2月20日
  • 逝世日期1900年5月1日
  • 职业画家
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早年经历

蒙卡奇出生作为迈克尔·利奥利布(利布米哈伊LEO)到米哈伊利布,巴伐利亚出身的官僚,和张柏芝Reök,在Munkács,匈牙利,奥地利帝国,从后来他采纳了他的化名镇。正在师从画家江湖后Elek的Szamossy,蒙卡奇去害虫,匈牙利最大的城市(现在的一部分布达佩斯),在那里他寻求的艺术家的光顾。随着风景画家的帮助安塔尔里盖蒂,他获得了国家补助出国留学。1865年,他就读于学院的维也纳下卡尔Rahl。1866年,他就读于慕尼黑学院,并在1868年他移居到Kunstakademie杜塞尔多夫与流行的研究流派画家路德维希·诺斯。1867年,他前往巴黎看世界博览会。

他的巴黎之行后,他的风格变得更轻,更广泛的笔触和色调的配色方案-他很可能被影响的现代法国绘画在博览会看到。

在他早期的职业生涯蒙卡奇主要从画农民和穷人的日常生活场景。首先,他跟随匈牙利当代画家流派的丰富多彩,文艺样式(例如卡罗利洛茨,亚诺什·扬科),例如在大锅(1864)或复活节欢庆活动(1865年)。在接下来的几年,他更加注重围绕他的人物(景观风暴的普斯陶,1867年)。从杜塞尔多夫流派的画家,他学会了在他的数字代表不同的情绪和他们当作一个组(一个死囚的末日, 1869)。他正在与相关的绘画杜塞尔多夫学校。

1869年,蒙卡奇画了他的著名的很多工作,一个死囚的末日,认为是他的第一个杰作。照片是用的金牌奖励巴黎沙龙于1870年[3]这使蒙卡奇在瞬间流行的画家。这表明造成压迫,道德的不确定性和反应,在视觉形式迫在眉睫的悲惨下场折磨。然而,它恰如其分地抓住了绘画大师匈牙利的能力。

蒙卡奇,与他的朋友在一起时,山水画拉斯洛包道格,移居巴黎,在那里他住,直到他生命的尽头。他继续画风格的图像,例如使皮棉(1871年)和女人聚会草丛(1873年)。他的职业生涯的顶峰是1873年,1875年,当他画的午夜漫步者,永别了,搅动女人,和当铺。他娶了男爵游行于1874年的寡妇,之后,他的风格演变而来; 从现实主义的典型学科出发,他制作了丰富多彩的沙龙绘画和静物。

在19世纪70年代末,他还曾在巴比松与包道格一起,并涂上新鲜的色彩丰富的景观,如尘土飞扬的道路,玉米田,并走在树林里。拉斯洛的包道格的风格同化是在19世纪80年代,如在画的风景画,明显大道和的Colpach公园。他的现实主义肖像画,其中包括李斯特和红衣主教Haynald,在此期间也做。

1878年,他画了历史风俗画,盲人米尔顿听写失乐园他的女儿,这标志着他的作品一个新的里程碑。它是在一个丰富的客房设置。图片被收购(并成功售出)由奥地利 -born艺术品经销商查尔斯Sedelmeyer,谁提供蒙卡奇为期十年的合同。这笔交易做出蒙卡奇富裕和巴黎艺术界的一个既定的成员。

三部曲

Sedelmeyer想蒙卡奇画大型图片可能对自己的展出。他们决定,从拍摄的物体圣经是最适合的。1882年蒙卡奇画基督面前彼拉多,其次是各各他于1884年三部曲与完成瞧!这个人在1896年。

Sedelmeyer发生在欧洲和美国的巡演这三个巨大的画作。他们被美国百货巨头购买约翰·沃纳梅克,谁在他展出他们的费城店每复活节。当他们在1988年被拍卖,Joey和托比的Tanenbaum买基督在彼拉多面前,他们将它捐赠给汉密尔顿美术馆在(AGH)2002。的AGH它借给博物馆DERI在德布勒森从2002年至2007年,再从2009年到2014年在2009年,这三个分别安装在DERI博物馆的一个特殊的翅膀。在这一点上,瞧!这个人!(1896年)和各各(1884)分别由匈牙利国家和匈牙利裔艺术收藏家伊姆雷Pákh资。这幅画回到加拿大后,匈牙利政府试图购买它彻底和2014年2月,就买这幅画为$ 570万。

蒙卡奇没有放弃风俗画,但他的设置改变。在19世纪80年代,他画了许多美容院的图片,丰富的人华丽的装饰家中设置。他最经常描绘的对象是母亲(宝宝的游客, 1879年),家庭生活的幸福时刻(父亲的生日, 1882年),儿童和动物(两个家庭沙龙, 1880年)。他穿着优雅,精致的年轻女性也出现在景观设置(三女在公园, 1886年)。这些照片是非常流行(尤其是美国买家),并获取较高的价格。除了这些城市主题蒙卡奇也继续作画农村景象和生动,强烈地情感的风景。

对他的职业生涯结束时,他画了两个不朽的作品:匈牙利征服了国会大厦,以及壁画,文艺复兴时期的典范,为的天花板Kunsthistoriches博物馆在维也纳举行。

他委托画的大天花板画艺术史博物馆在维也纳举行。这项工作,在1888年完成,题目是文艺复兴时期的颂扬。

虽然蒙卡奇,谁是关于地上的舒适度和社会信誉很自觉,成了名人,他总是不确定,总是质疑他自己的才华。由19世纪90年代,他的抑郁症发展成严重的心理疾病这可能是由加强梅毒,他在他的青年收缩。他最后的照片感到烦恼,有时甚至是离奇的(例如花的受害者, 1896年)。

在他生命的最后,当疾病被苛求他的能量越来越多,最后,黑暗降临在他的脑海,他完成了两个图片涉及几个数字。在其中的一个,打击(1896年),他说明的图片,相当不寻常在他那个时代的主题,在性格写照新样式与老激情的做法只是表面存在。

English Introduction

Munkaci was born as Michael Liolib (Mihai LEO Malibu) to Milkha Yili cloth, Bavaria born bureaucrats, and Cecilia Cheung Re K in Munk, O, CS, Hungary, the Austria Empire, he later adopted his name from the town. He is the painter Elek Szamossy arena, munkaci to pests, the largest city of Hungary (now part of Budapest), where he sought to patronize artists. With the help of the landscape painter, he received a grant to study abroad. In 1865, he studied at the Academy of Vienna under Carle Rahl. In 1866, he studied at the Munich college, and in 1868 he moved to Kunstakademie Dusseldorf with the popular research genre painter Ludwig North. In 1867, he went to Paris to see the world expo.
After his trip to Paris, his style became lighter, wider strokes and tonal color schemes - he was likely to be affected by the modern French painting seen at the fair.
In his early career occupation munkaci mainly from rural and poor painting scenes of everyday life. First of all, he followed the contemporary Hungarian painter of genre rich and colorful, literary style (such as Karoly Locci, Janos Janko), for example in the pot (1864) or Easter festivities (1865). In the next few years, he pays more attention to his characters around (landscape storm Puszta, 1867). From the Dusseldorf School of painters, he learned in his different moods and figures represent them as a group (the end of a row, 1869). He is working with the Dusseldorf School of painting.
In 1869, munkaci painted many of his famous work, the end of a row, that is his first masterpiece. The photo was taken with a gold medal award from the Paris salon in 1870 [3] which made Moncachi an artist in an instant popularity. This indicates that the oppression, moral uncertainty and reaction, in the visual form of imminent tragic end torture. However, it captures the ability of the master of painting.
Munkaci, with his friends, painting Laszlo Paal, moved to Paris, where he lived until the end of his life. He continued to draw the image style, such as lint (1871) and women gathering grass (1873). His occupation career peak in 1873, 1875, when he painted the midnight rambler, farewell to stir the woman, and the pawnshop. After he married Baron parade on 1874, a widow, his style evolved; starting from the typical subject of realism, he produced a rich and colorful salon paintings and still lifes.
At the end of 1870s, he was also in the Barbizon and Paal together, and coated with fresh color rich landscape, such as dusty road, corn field, and walk in the woods. Laszlo's style of assimilation is Paal in 1880s, as in landscape painting, obvious Avenue and Colpach park. His realistic portraits, including Lester and cardinal Haynald, were also made during this period.
In 1878, he painted a historical genre painting, the blind Milton dictation paradise lost his daughter, which marks a new milestone in his work. It is set in a rich room. The picture was acquired (and successfully sold) by Charles, a Austria based art dealer Sedelmeyer, who offers a ten year contract for the -born. The deal makes an established member of the rich and Paris art world.

English Introduction

Sedelmeyer to munkaci draw large pictures be on their own display. They decided that the Bible from the subject was the best. Before 1882 munkaci painting Christ Pilate, followed by each in 1884 and completed his trilogy look! This man in 1896.
Sedelmeyer takes place in Europe and the United States touring these three great paintings. They were purchased by American department store giants John Wanamaker, who in his show their Philadelphia store every easter. When they were auctioned in 1988, Joey and Tobey Tanenbaum for Christ before Pilate, they donated it to the Hamilton Museum in 2002 (AGH). The AGH lent it to the museum DERI in Debrecen from 2002 to 2007, and again from 2009 to in the year of 2009, the three were installed in the DERI museum with a special wing. At this point, look! This man! (1896) and the (1884) respectively by the Hungarian national and Hungarian born art collector Imre P Kh. After the painting returned to Canada, the Hungarian government tried to buy it outright and in February 2014, the painting was bought for $5 million 700 thousand.
Moncachi didn't give up genre painting, but his settings changed. In 1880s, he painted a number of beauty salons in the picture, a rich set of gorgeous decorative home. He is most often depicted as the mother of the object (the baby's visitor, 1879), the family life of the happy moment (father's birthday, in 1882), children and animals (two family salon, in the year of 1880). He was dressed in elegant, refined young women who also appeared in landscape settings (three women in the park, 1886). These photos are very popular (especially American buyers) and get higher prices. In addition to the theme of these cities also continued to paint the rural landscape and vivid, strong emotional landscape.
At the end of his occupation career, he drew two immortal works: Hungarian conquest of Houses of Parliament, and murals, Renaissance period, for the ceiling of Kunsthistoriches Museum in Vienna.
He commissioned the painting of the large ceiling Painting Art Museum held in Vienna. The work, which was completed in 1888, is a celebration of the renaissance.
Although munkaci, who is on the ground of comfort and social reputation very consciously, became a celebrity, he is always uncertain, always questioning his own talent. By 1890s, his depression developed into a serious mental illness which may be caused by the strengthening of syphilis in his youth. His last photographs were troubled, and sometimes even bizarre (as in the case of the victim, 1896).
At the end of his life, when the disease was demanding more and more of his energy, and finally, darkness came down in his mind, he finished two pictures involving several figures. In one of the hit (1896), he illustrated the picture, quite unusual in the themes of his time, in the portrayal of the character of the new style with the old passion of the practice just superficial.

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