汉斯·鲁道夫.吉格H.R.Giger（1940年2月5日——2014年5月12日），瑞士画家，雕塑家，舞台设计师，电影导演。
吉格是在1940年出生库尔，省会城市格劳宾登州，规模最大，最东部瑞士州。他的父亲是药剂师，看艺术作为一种“breadless职业”，并极力鼓励他进入药店，吉格回忆说。他搬到了苏黎世在1962年，他在那里学习建筑学和工业设计在应用艺术学院，直到1970年
吉格的第一次成功是在HH昆兹，瑞士的第一张海报出版公司的合伙人，印发吉格的第一个海报，于1969年开始。
吉格的风格和主题的执行是有影响的。他是特效团队，赢得了一部分奥斯卡奖在对电影的设计作品视觉效果最好的成绩外星人。他对设计的外国人被他的绘画灵感Necronom IV和为他赢得了奥斯卡在1980年他的作品，尤其是书籍死灵和死灵书II（1985）和他在艺术上的频频亮相全方位杂志继续他引起国际重视。吉格住进了科幻名人堂和天香堂在2013年他也是知名的艺术品为几个音乐录制专辑，包括ELP的脑外科沙拉和Deborah Harry的KooKoo。
1998年收购了吉格的城堡圣日耳曼在格吕耶尔，瑞士，它现在房子HR吉格博物馆，他的作品的永久储存库。
吉格曾与瑞士女演员的关系李托布勒直到她自杀于1975年李的形象出现在他的许多画作。他于1979年结婚米娅Bonzanigo; 他们离婚了一年半以后。
艺术家生活和工作在苏黎世与他的第二任妻子，卡门·玛丽亚·吉格Scheifele，谁是HR吉格博物馆馆长的工作。
2014年5月12日，死于吉格在苏黎世的一家医院在秋季遭受损伤后。
除了他的奖励，吉格是由各种节日和机构的认可。在他去世一周年之际，艺术和设计博物馆在纽约市举行的系列HR吉格看不见的电影五月2015
暗星：HR吉格的世界，由Belinda Sallin传记纪录片，在瑞士苏黎世亮相2014年9月27
吉格开始与小水墨画发展到油画前。对于大部分职业生涯，吉格已经在工作主要喷枪，创造单色画布，描绘超现实的，噩梦般的梦境。然而，他则主要是在讨好粉彩，标记或水墨作品被遗弃的大型喷枪的作品。
吉格最有特色的文体创新是在一个寒冷，人的身体和机器的代表性相互关联的关系，他形容为“生物力学”。他的主要影响是画家墙裙，恩斯特富克斯和萨尔瓦多·达利。他会见萨尔瓦多达利，向谁他被画家介绍罗伯特红螺。吉格也被雕刻家斯坦尼斯Szukalski的工作的影响，以及由画家奥斯汀奥斯曼备件和马蹄Klarwein。他也是一个私人朋友蒂莫西·利瑞。吉格研究室内设计和工业设计在商业艺术苏黎世（1962年至1965年）的学校，并提出了他的第一个作品的一种手段艺术治疗。
吉格执导了多部电影，其中包括瑞士制造（1968），Tagtraum（1973），吉格的死灵书（1975）和吉格的外国人（1979）。
吉格创造的家具设计，尤其是Harkonnen卡波主席为小说的电影沙丘，这是由定向亚历山卓·尤杜洛斯基。许多年以后，大卫·林奇执导的电影，由吉格只用粗略的概念。吉格曾希望与林奇合作，因为他在他的书林奇的电影一个所述橡皮头甚至比吉格自己的影片来实现自己的愿景越来越近
吉格应用生物力学自己风格的室内设计。一“ 吉格酒吧 ”出现在东京，但他的设计的实现是一个伟大的让他感到失望，自创业以来落后日本企业没有等到他的最终设计，并用来代替吉格的粗略初步草图。是因为; 吉格六亲不认东京吉格酒吧。在他的家乡瑞士的两个吉格酒吧（在格吕耶尔和库尔），然而，被吉格的密切监督下建造的，他们准确地反映了原来的概念。在风头在曼哈顿，吉格的作品授权给装饰VIP房，地标性的教会的最高的教堂，但它从未打算成为一个永久性的安装孔，并没有相似在瑞士吉格酒吧。这项安排在两年时风头关闭后终止。截至2009年只有两个真正的瑞士吉格酒吧依然存在。
吉格的艺术极大地影响了纹身师和崇拜者世界各地。根据许可协议伊瓦涅斯吉他发布了一个HR吉格签名系列：伊瓦涅斯ICHRG2，一个Ibanez的冰人，拥有“纽约市六”，伊瓦涅斯RGTHRG1有“纽约市十一”印在它的S系列SHRG1Z具有金属涂层的“生物力学黑客帝国”就可以了，和一个4串SRX低音，SRXHRG1，雕刻有“纽约市X”就可以了。
吉格通常被称为流行文化，尤其是在科幻小说和朋克。威廉·吉布森（谁写的早期脚本异形3）似乎格外着迷：在次要人物虚拟光，洛厄尔，被描述为具有纽约二十四纹身跨他的背部，并在Idoru一个次要人物，山崎，描述了建筑物纳米技术作为吉格式的日本。
Giger was born in 1940 in Chur, capital city of Graubünden, the largest and easternmost Swiss canton. His father, a pharmacist, viewed art as a "breadless profession" and strongly encouraged him to enter pharmacy, Giger recalled. He moved to Zürich in 1962, where he studied Architecture and industrial design at the School of Applied Arts until 1970.
Giger's first success was when H. H. Kunz, co-owner of Switzerland's first poster publishing company, printed and distributed Giger's first posters, beginning in 1969.
Giger's style and thematic execution were influential. He was part of the special effects team that won an Academy Award for Best Achievement in Visual Effects for their design work on the film Alien. His design for the Alien was inspired by his painting Necronom IV and earned him an Oscar in 1980. His books of paintings, particularly Necronomicon and Necronomicon II (1985) and the frequent appearance of his art in Omni magazine continued his rise to international prominence. Giger was admitted to the Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame in 2013. He is also well known for artwork on several music recording albums including ELP's Brain Salad Surgery and Deborah Harry's KooKoo.
In 1998 Giger acquired the Château St. Germain in Gruyères, Switzerland, and it now houses the H.R. Giger Museum, a permanent repository of his work
Giger had a relationship with Swiss actress Li Tobler until she committed suicide in 1975. Li's image appears in many of his paintings. He married Mia Bonzanigo in 1979; they divorced a year and a half later.
The artist lived and worked in Zürich with his second wife, Carmen Maria Scheifele Giger, who is the Director of the H.R. Giger Museum.
On 12 May 2014, Giger died in a hospital in Zürich after having suffered injuries in a fall.
In addition to his awards, Giger was recognized by a variety of festivals and institutions. On the one year anniversary of his death, the Museum of Arts and Design in New York City staged the series The Unseen Cinema of HR Giger in May 2015.
Dark Star: H. R. Giger's World, a biographical documentary by Belinda Sallin, debuted 27 September 2014 in Zurich, Switzerland.
Giger started with small ink drawings before progressing to oil paintings. For most of his career, Giger had worked predominantly in airbrush, creating monochromatic canvasses depicting surreal, nightmarishdreamscapes. However, he then largely abandoned large airbrush works in favor of works with pastels, markers or ink.
Giger's most distinctive stylistic innovation was that of a representation of human bodies and machines in a cold, interconnected relationship, he described as "biomechanical". His main influences were painters Dado,Ernst Fuchs and Salvador Dalí. He met Salvador Dalí, to whom he was introduced by painter Robert Venosa. Giger was also influenced by the work of the sculptor Stanislas Szukalski, and by the painters Austin Osman Spare and Mati Klarwein.[18] He was also a personal friend of Timothy Leary. Giger studied interior and industrial design at the School of Commercial Art in Zurich (from 1962 to 1965) and made his first paintings as a means of art therapy.
Giger directed a number of films, including Swiss Made (1968), Tagtraum (1973), Giger's Necronomicon(1975) and Giger's Alien (1979).
Giger created furniture designs, particularly the Harkonnen Capo Chair for a film of the novel Dune that was to be directed by Alejandro Jodorowsky. Many years later, David Lynch directed the film, using only rough concepts by Giger. Giger had wished to work with Lynch, as he stated in one of his books that Lynch's film Eraserhead was closer than even Giger's own films to realizing his vision.
Giger applied his biomechanical style to interior design. One "Giger Bar" appeared in Tokyo, but the realization of his designs were a great disappointment to him, since the Japanese organization behind the venture did not wait for his final designs, and instead used Giger's rough preliminary sketches. For that reason; Giger disowned the Tokyo Giger Bar. The two Giger Bars in his native Switzerland (in Gruyères and Chur), however, were built under Giger's close supervision and they accurately reflect his original concepts. AtThe Limelight in Manhattan, Giger's artwork was licensed to decorate the VIP room, the uppermost chapel of the landmarked church, but it was never intended to be a permanent installation and bore no similarity to the Giger Bars in Switzerland. The arrangement was terminated after two years when the Limelight closed. As of 2009 only the two authentic Swiss Giger Bars remain.
Giger's art has greatly influenced tattooists and fetishists worldwide. Under a licensing deal Ibanezguitars released an H. R. Giger signature series: the Ibanez ICHRG2, an Ibanez Iceman, features "NY City VI", the Ibanez RGTHRG1 has "NY City XI" printed on it, the S Series SHRG1Z has a metal-coated engraving of "Biomechanical Matrix" on it, and a 4-string SRX bass, SRXHRG1, has "N.Y. City X" on it.
Giger is often referred to in popular culture, especially in science fiction and cyberpunk. William Gibson (who wrote an early script for Alien 3) seems particularly fascinated: A minor character inVirtual Light, Lowell, is described as having New York XXIV tattooed across his back, and in Idoru a secondary character, Yamazaki, describes the buildings of nanotech Japan as Giger-esque
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