古代的嫁妆文化是一个重要的社会现象，反映了当时的家庭观念、社会地位和财富积累。除了一般的嫁妆之外，还存在一种特殊的嫁妆被称为“压箱底”。
“压箱底”一词源自于古代婚姻习俗中的一种特殊物品，用于夫妻之间的性生活。由于性生活属于个人隐私，这种物品通常被放置在嫁妆箱子的最底层，不常出示。除了具备辟邪作用外，它还是古代性文化的一部分，类似的还有“嫁妆画”，可以帮助新婚夫妇了解如何过夫妻生活。

1986年，在湖北荆门包山发现的一座战国楚墓中，出土了一幅珍贵的出行图。这幅画描绘了古代嫁妆物品，包括26个人物、2辆骖乘、2辆骈车、9只大雁、2只狗、1只猪，以及5棵大树作为背景。这幅画反映了当时女子出嫁的场景。其中，猪和狗是当时家庭财富的重要象征，用于陪嫁女儿。而大雁则是新郎迎亲时必带的礼物，称为“执雁为礼”或“奠雁”。

古代的土地和房屋也是重要的嫁妆财产。富裕的大户人家经常将几十上百亩的土地和房产作为嫁妆，尤其是皇帝家族嫁女儿或迎娶媳妇，其陪嫁的嫁妆更是令人叹为观止。
总的来说，古代的嫁妆文化是一个复杂而多样的社会现象。通过研究嫁妆物品，我们可以了解古代家庭观念、社会地位和财富积累的差异。而“压箱底”这种特殊的嫁妆则反映了古代性文化的一部分，它不仅具备辟邪作用，还可以帮助新婚夫妇了解如何过夫妻生活。


----------Introduction in English----------
The ancient dowry culture is an important Social phenomenon, reflecting the family concept, social status and wealth accumulation at that time. In addition to ordinary dowries, there is also a special type of dowry called 'pressing the bottom of the box'.

The term 'pressing the bottom of the box' originates from a special item in ancient marriage customs, used for sexual intercourse between couples. Due to the privacy of sexual activity, these items are usually placed at the bottom of the dowry box and are not often presented. In addition to its function of warding off evil spirits, it is also a part of ancient sexual culture, similar to "dowry painting", which can help newlyweds understand how to live a married life.

In 1986, a precious travel map was unearthed from a Warring States Chu tomb discovered in Baoshan, Jingmen, Hubei. This painting depicts ancient dowry items, including 26 characters, 2 carriages, 2 parallel carriages, 9 geese, 2 dogs, 1 pig, and 5 large trees as the background. This painting reflects the scene of a woman getting married at that time. Among them, pigs and dogs were important symbols of family wealth at that time, used as dowries for daughters. And the wild goose is a gift that the groom must bring when welcoming the bride, known as "holding a wild goose as a gift" or "laying a memorial goose".

Ancient land and houses were also important dowry assets. Rich and wealthy families often use dozens or hundreds of acres of land and property as dowries, especially when the emperor's family marries their daughter or bride, the dowry accompanying them is even more impressive.

Generally speaking, the ancient dowry culture is a complex and diverse Social phenomenon. By studying dowry items, we can understand the differences in ancient family values, social status, and wealth accumulation. The special dowry of "pressing the bottom of the box" reflects a part of ancient sexual culture, which not only has the function of warding off evil spirits, but also helps newlyweds understand how to live a married life.